Teleportation-based realization of an optical quantum two-qubit entangling gate

In recent years, there has been heightened interest in quantum teleportation, which allows for the transfer of unknown quantum states over arbitrary distances. Quantum teleportation not only serves as an essential ingredient in long-distance quantum communication, but also provides enabling technolo...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 107; no. 49; pp. 20869 - 20874
Main Authors Gao, Wei-Bo, Goebel, Alexander M., Lu, Chao-Yang, Dai, Han-Ning, Wagenknecht, Claudia, Zhang, Qiang, Zhao, Bo, Peng, Cheng-Zhi, Chen, Zeng-Bing, Chen, Yu-Ao, Pan, Jian-Wei, Kwiat, Paul
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 07.12.2010
National Acad Sciences
Subjects
Atoms & subatomic particles
Determinism
Experimental results
Experiments
Globular star clusters
Information processing
Interferometers
Optics
Photonics
Photons
Physical Sciences
Quantum computers
Quantum entanglement
Quantum theory
Truth tables
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Summary:In recent years, there has been heightened interest in quantum teleportation, which allows for the transfer of unknown quantum states over arbitrary distances. Quantum teleportation not only serves as an essential ingredient in long-distance quantum communication, but also provides enabling technologies for practical quantum computation. Of particular interest is the scheme proposed by D. Gottesman and I. L. Chuang [(1999) Nature 402:390–393], showing that quantum gates can be implemented by teleporting qubits with the help of some special entangled states. Therefore, the construction of a quantum computer can be simply based on some multiparticle entangled states, Bell-state measurements, and single-qubit operations. The feasibility of this scheme relaxes experimental constraints on realizing universal quantum computation. Using two different methods, we demonstrate the smallest nontrivial module in such a scheme—a teleportation-based quantum entangling gate for two different photonic qubits. One uses a high-fidelity six-photon interferometer to realize controlled-NOT gates, and the other uses four-photon hyperentanglement to realize controlled-Phase gates. The results clearly demonstrate the working principles and the entangling capability of the gates. Our experiment represents an important step toward the realization of practical quantum computers and could lead to many further applications in linear optics quantum information processing.
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Edited by Paul Kwiat, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, and accepted by the Editorial Board October 20, 2010 (received for review April 29, 2010)
Author contributions: W.-B.G., A.M.G., C.-Y.L., Q.Z., Y.-A.C., and J.-W.P. designed research; W.-B.G., A.M.G., C.-Y.L., H.-N.D., C.W., C.-Z.P., Z.-B.C., Y.-A.C., and J.-W.P. performed research; W.-B.G., A.M.G., C.-Y.L., and Y.-A.C. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; W.-B.G., A.M.G., C.-Y.L., B.Z., and Y.-A.C. analyzed data; and W.-B.G., A.M.G., C.-Y.L., H.-N.D., Q.Z., B.Z., Y.-A.C., and J.-W.P. wrote the paper.
1W.-B.G., A.M.G., and C.-Y.L. contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1005720107