Effects of incretin-based therapies on β-cell function in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Journal of international medical research Vol. 49; no. 12; p. 3000605211066306
• Main Authors: Wu, Yucheng, Lu, Yu, Yang, Shufang, Zhang, Qingqing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01.12.2021; Sage Publications Ltd; SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Fasting; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Incretins - therapeutic use; Meta-Analysis; Peptides; plasma glucose; type 1 diabetes mellitus; Incretin-based therapy; latent autoimmune diabetes in adults; β-cell function; C-peptide
• ISSN: 0300-0605; 1473-2300
• DOI: 10.1177/03000605211066306

Aim To assess the effects of incretin-based therapies on β-cell function in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Knowledge databases for eligible randomized clinical trials published up to July 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients with T1DM or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, patients treated with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors or glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and outcomes included one of the following: fasting plasma glucose, fasting C-peptide, postprandial C-peptide, C-peptide area under the curve (AUC), homeostasis model assessment for β cell function, and insulin resistance. The effects were analyzed using a random effect model with STATA 11.0. Results Eight trials including 427 participants were included in the final analysis. A pooled analysis found no significant difference in fasting plasma glucose, fasting C-peptide, postprandial C-peptide, or C-peptide AUC between patients treated with incretin-based therapies and placebo. The two trials that reported changes in 2-hour postprandial C-peptide and two of the four trials that reported changes in C-peptide AUC reported increases after incretin-based therapies. Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that incretin-based therapies did not preserve β-cell function in patients with T1DM.