Seroprevalence of antibodies against varicella-zoster virus and response to the varicella vaccine in pediatric renal transplant patients

• Published in: Pediatric transplantation Vol. 9; no. 2; pp. 192 - 196
• Main Authors: Chaves, Tânia do Socorro Souza, Lopes, Marta Heloisa, De Souza, Vanda Akico Ueda Fick, Santos, Sigrid De Sousa dos, Pereira, Lilian Monteiro, Reis, Alexanda Dias, David-Neto, Elias
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Munksgaard International Publishers 01.04.2005; Blackwell
• Subjects: Adolescent; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Biological and medical sciences; CD4 Antigens - blood; CD8 Antigens - blood; Chickenpox Vaccine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; General aspects; Herpesvirus 3, Human - immunology; Human viral diseases; Humans; immunosuppression; Infectious diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Medical sciences; renal transplantation; Seroepidemiologic Studies; varicella-zoster vaccine; Varicella-zoster virus; Viral diseases; Viral diseases with cutaneous or mucosal lesions and viral diseases of the eye; Pediatrics; Skin disease; Prevalence; renal transplantation; Alphaherpesvirinae; Serology; Transplantation; Homotransplantation; Epidemiology; Kidney; Prevention; Immunology; Surgery; Varicella; Graft; Child; Human; Varicella zoster virus; Immunopathology; Immune response; Antibody; Herpesviridae; Vaccine; Infection; Virus; Immunoprophylaxis; Immunosuppression; Treatment; Urinary system; Viral disease; varicella-zoster vaccine
• ISSN: 1397-3142; 1399-3046
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2005.00279.x

:  The severity of varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) in immunocompromised children, especially in those receiving renal transplants, is well known. However, the use of live attenuated virus vaccine in this population is controversial. This study aimed to: (i) assess the immunization status of pediatric renal transplant recipients at our center; (ii) determine the anti‐VZV antibody titers in such patients; (iii) evaluate the response to VZV vaccine in seronegative children and in those who present low antibody titers (defined as <500 mAU/mL).Vaccinated children were monitored for adverse effects for 8 wk after vaccination. Fifty patients with a mean age of 13.7 yr (range, 3–17 yr) were enrolled. In 49, blood samples were collected and antibodies were screened using ELISA. Seropositivity to VZV was found in 43 (88%), and antibody titers were ≥500 mAU/mL in 37 (75.5%). Of the 12 children who were eligible for vaccination and had antibody titers <500 mAU/mL, one developed varicella before vaccination, two did not meet the inclusion criteria, and three parents refused the vaccination. In the six vaccinated children, there were no adverse reactions to the vaccine, and four (66.6%) responded with anti‐VZV titers ≥500 mAU/mL 6–8 wk after vaccination. In conclusion, after renal transplantation, varicella vaccine is safe with a 66% rate of conversion to high antibody titers.