Optimization of Single-Dose VSV-Based COVID-19 Vaccination in Hamsters

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing vaccines and highlights the continued need for the development of efficient, fast-acting, and cost-effect...

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Published inFrontiers in immunology Vol. 12; p. 788235
Main Authors O'Donnell, Kyle L, Clancy, Chad S, Griffin, Amanda J, Shifflett, Kyle, Gourdine, Tylisha, Thomas, Tina, Long, Carrie M, Furuyama, Wakako, Marzi, Andrea
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 06.01.2022
Subjects
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Chlorocebus aethiops
COVID-19 - blood
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 - virology
COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage
COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology
Cricetinae
Disease Models, Animal
Ebolavirus - genetics
Ebolavirus - immunology
Female
Humans
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Immunology
Male
Pandemics - prevention & control
Plasmids
rVSV-ZEBOV GP
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Treatment Outcome
Vaccination - methods
Vero Cells
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - genetics
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - immunology
vesicular stomatitis virus
VSV-EBOV
VSV-SARS2
rVSV-ZEBOV GP
SARS-CoV-2
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
VSV-EBOV
VSV-SARS2
vesicular stomatitis virus
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Abstract The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing vaccines and highlights the continued need for the development of efficient, fast-acting, and cost-effective vaccines. Here, we demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of two vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccines encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein either alone (VSV-SARS2) or in combination with the Ebola virus glycoprotein (VSV-SARS2-EBOV). Intranasally vaccinated hamsters showed an early CD8 T cell response in the lungs and a greater antigen-specific IgG response, while intramuscularly vaccinated hamsters had an early CD4 T cell and NK cell response. Intranasal vaccination resulted in protection within 10 days with hamsters not showing clinical signs of pneumonia when challenged with three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. This data demonstrates that VSV-based vaccines are viable single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidates that are protective from COVID-19.
AbstractList The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing vaccines and highlights the continued need for the development of efficient, fast-acting, and cost-effective vaccines. Here, we demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of two vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccines encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein either alone (VSV-SARS2) or in combination with the Ebola virus glycoprotein (VSV-SARS2-EBOV). Intranasally vaccinated hamsters showed an early CD8 T cell response in the lungs and a greater antigen-specific IgG response, while intramuscularly vaccinated hamsters had an early CD4 T cell and NK cell response. Intranasal vaccination resulted in protection within 10 days with hamsters not showing clinical signs of pneumonia when challenged with three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. This data demonstrates that VSV-based vaccines are viable single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidates that are protective from COVID-19.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing vaccines and highlights the continued need for the development of efficient, fast-acting, and cost-effective vaccines. Here, we demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of two vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccines encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein either alone (VSV-SARS2) or in combination with the Ebola virus glycoprotein (VSV-SARS2-EBOV). Intranasally vaccinated hamsters showed an early CD8+ T cell response in the lungs and a greater antigen-specific IgG response, while intramuscularly vaccinated hamsters had an early CD4+ T cell and NK cell response. Intranasal vaccination resulted in protection within 10 days with hamsters not showing clinical signs of pneumonia when challenged with three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. This data demonstrates that VSV-based vaccines are viable single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidates that are protective from COVID-19.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises concerns about the efficacy of existing vaccines and highlights the continued need for the development of efficient, fast-acting, and cost-effective vaccines. Here, we demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of two vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccines encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein either alone (VSV-SARS2) or in combination with the Ebola virus glycoprotein (VSV-SARS2-EBOV). Intranasally vaccinated hamsters showed an early CD8 + T cell response in the lungs and a greater antigen-specific IgG response, while intramuscularly vaccinated hamsters had an early CD4 + T cell and NK cell response. Intranasal vaccination resulted in protection within 10 days with hamsters not showing clinical signs of pneumonia when challenged with three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. This data demonstrates that VSV-based vaccines are viable single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidates that are protective from COVID-19.
Author Clancy, Chad S
Gourdine, Tylisha
O'Donnell, Kyle L
Shifflett, Kyle
Thomas, Tina
Furuyama, Wakako
Marzi, Andrea
Long, Carrie M
Griffin, Amanda J
AuthorAffiliation 3 Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
1 Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
2 Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
– name: 3 Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
– name: 1 Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Hamilton, MT , United States
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  organization: Laboratory of Bacteriology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Wakako
  surname: Furuyama
  fullname: Furuyama, Wakako
  organization: Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
– sequence: 9
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  surname: Marzi
  fullname: Marzi, Andrea
  organization: Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States
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Copyright Copyright © 2022 O’Donnell, Clancy, Griffin, Shifflett, Gourdine, Thomas, Long, Furuyama and Marzi.
Copyright © 2022 O’Donnell, Clancy, Griffin, Shifflett, Gourdine, Thomas, Long, Furuyama and Marzi 2022 O’Donnell, Clancy, Griffin, Shifflett, Gourdine, Thomas, Long, Furuyama and Marzi
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Keywords rVSV-ZEBOV GP
SARS-CoV-2
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
VSV-EBOV
VSV-SARS2
vesicular stomatitis virus
Language English
License Copyright © 2022 O’Donnell, Clancy, Griffin, Shifflett, Gourdine, Thomas, Long, Furuyama and Marzi.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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Edited by: Fabio Bagnoli, GlaxoSmithKline, Italy
This article was submitted to Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Reviewed by: Catalina Florez, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), United States; Vladimir Alexeevich Gushchin, N.F. Gamaleya Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (RAMS), Russia
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Snippet The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in global effects on human health, economic stability, and social norms. The emergence of viral variants raises...
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StartPage 788235
SubjectTerms Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Chlorocebus aethiops
COVID-19 - blood
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 - virology
COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage
COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology
Cricetinae
Disease Models, Animal
Ebolavirus - genetics
Ebolavirus - immunology
Female
Humans
Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin G - immunology
Immunology
Male
Pandemics - prevention & control
Plasmids
rVSV-ZEBOV GP
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Treatment Outcome
Vaccination - methods
Vero Cells
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - genetics
Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus - immunology
vesicular stomatitis virus
VSV-EBOV
VSV-SARS2
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Title Optimization of Single-Dose VSV-Based COVID-19 Vaccination in Hamsters
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