Pathophysiology and prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 17; no. 41; pp. 4545 - 4553
• Main Author: Arung, Willy
• Format: Journal Article Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: United States W J G Press 07.11.2011; Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited
• Subjects: Abdominal Pain - etiology; Abdominal Pain - prevention & control; Animals; Chirurgie; Digestive System Surgical Procedures - adverse effects; Digestive System Surgical Procedures - methods; Human health sciences; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction - etiology; Intestinal Obstruction - prevention & control; Medline; Peritoneal Diseases - physiopathology; Peritoneal Diseases - prevention & control; Peritoneum - pathology; Postoperative Complications - physiopathology; Postoperative Complications - prevention & control; Postoperative Period; PubMed; Sciences de la santé humaine; Surgery; Tissue Adhesions - physiopathology; Tissue Adhesions - prevention & control; 手术创伤; 病理生理; 粘连; 腹膜; 腹部手术; 预防; Abdominal surgery; Occlusion; Abdominal pain; Complication; Laparoscopy
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i41.4545

Peritoneal adhesions represent an important clinical challenge in gastrointestinal surgery. Peritoneal adhesions are a consequence of peritoneal irritation by infection or surgical trauma, and may be considered as the pathological part of healing following any peritoneal injury, particularly due to abdominal surgery. The balance between fi brin deposition and degradation is critical in determining normal peritoneal healing or adhesion formation. Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are a major cause of morbidity resulting in multiple complications, many of which may manifest several years after the initial surgical procedure. In addition to acute small bowel obstruction, peritoneal adhesions may cause pelvic or abdominal pain, and infertility. In this paper, the authors reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis and various prevention strategies of adhesion formation, using Medline and PubMed search. Several preventive agents against postoperative peri-toneal adhesions have been investigated. Their role aims in activating fi brinolysis, hampering coagulation, diminishing the inflammatory response, inhibiting col-lagen synthesis or creating a barrier between adjacentwound surfaces. Their results are encouraging but most of them are contradictory and achieved mostly in animal model. Until additional fi ndings from future clinical researches, only a meticulous surgery can be recommended to reduce unnecessary morbidity and mortality rates from these untoward effects of surgery. In the current state of knowledge, pre-clinical or clini-cal studies are still necessary to evaluate the effective-ness of the several proposed prevention strategies of postoperative peritoneal adhesions.