Properties, Structures, and Physiological Roles of Three Types of Anion Channels Molecularly Identified in the 2010's

Molecular identification was, at last, successfully accomplished for three types of anion channels that are all implicated in cell volume regulation/dysregulation. LRRC8A LRRC8C/D/E, SLCO2A1, and TMEM206 were shown to be the core or pore-forming molecules of the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying...

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Published inFrontiers in physiology Vol. 12; p. 805148
Main Authors Okada, Yasunobu, Sabirov, Ravshan Z, Merzlyak, Petr G, Numata, Tomohiro, Sato-Numata, Kaori
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 23.12.2021
Subjects
cell swelling
LRRC8A
Physiology
SLCO2A1
TMEM206
TRPM7
volume-related anion channels
regulatory volume decrease
acidosis
SLCO2A1
TMEM206
LRRC8A
TRPM7
volume-related anion channels
cell swelling
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Summary:Molecular identification was, at last, successfully accomplished for three types of anion channels that are all implicated in cell volume regulation/dysregulation. LRRC8A LRRC8C/D/E, SLCO2A1, and TMEM206 were shown to be the core or pore-forming molecules of the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channel (VSOR) also called the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC), the large-conductance maxi-anion channel (Maxi-Cl), and the acid-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channel (ASOR) also called the proton-activated anion channel (PAC) in 2014, 2017, and 2019, respectively. More recently in 2020 and 2021, we have identified the S100A10-annexin A2 complex and TRPM7 as the regulatory proteins for Maxi-Cl and VSOR/VRAC, respectively. In this review article, we summarize their biophysical and structural properties as well as their physiological roles by comparing with each other on the basis of their molecular insights. We also point out unsolved important issues to be elucidated soon in the future.
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Edited by: Jinwei Zhang, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
Reviewed by: Rajan Sah, Washington University in St. Louis, United States; Peter Kovermann, Institute of Biological Information Processing, Molekular und Zellphysiology (IBI-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany
This article was submitted to Membrane Physiology and Membrane Biophysics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Physiology
ISSN:1664-042X
1664-042X
DOI:10.3389/fphys.2021.805148