Roles of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Cancer

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs), thus playing an important role in protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, these enzymes exist in free form or in the form of multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The latter contains nine cy...

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Published inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology Vol. 8; p. 599765
Main Authors Zhou, Zheng, Sun, Bao, Nie, Anzheng, Yu, Dongsheng, Bian, Meng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 27.11.2020
Subjects
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
ARS-interacting multifunctional protein
cancer
Cell and Developmental Biology
pathogenesis
therapeutics
pathogenesis
therapeutics
cancer
ARS-interacting multifunctional protein
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
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Summary:Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs), thus playing an important role in protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, these enzymes exist in free form or in the form of multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The latter contains nine cytoplasmic ARSs and three ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs). Normally, ARSs and AIMPs are regarded as housekeeping molecules without additional functions. However, a growing number of studies indicate that ARSs are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially tumorigenesis. Here, we introduce the roles of ARSs and AIMPs in certain cancers, such as colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we particularly focus on their potential clinical applications in cancer, aiming at providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer.
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These authors have contributed equally to this work
Edited by: Massimiliano Berretta, Aviano Oncology Reference Center (IRCCS), Italy
This article was submitted to Molecular and Cellular Oncology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Reviewed by: Eduardo J. Salustiano, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Zhichao Xi, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
ISSN:2296-634X
2296-634X
DOI:10.3389/fcell.2020.599765