Mental disorders and suicide risk in emerging adulthood: the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort

To assess the prevalence of some mental disorders and suicide risk, and the association between them in youths. Data from the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort (Brazil) was used. The prevalence of mental disorders at 22 years [major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxie...

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Published inRevista de saúde pública Vol. 53; p. 96
Main Authors Gomes, Ana Paula, Soares, Ana Luiza G, Kieling, Christian, Rohde, Luis Augusto, Gonçalves, Helen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Portuguese
Published Brazil Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo 01.01.2019
Universidade de São Paulo
Subjects
Adolescent
Adult
Brazil - epidemiology
Cohort Studies
Comorbidity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Health Policy & Services
Humans
Male
Mental Disorders - epidemiology
Mental Health
Original
Poisson Distribution
Prevalence
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Risk Assessment - methods
Risk Factors
Sex Distribution
Socioeconomic Factors
Suicidal Ideation
Suicide
Young Adult
Brazil
Young Adult
Mental Disorders, epidemiology
Mental Health
Suicide
Risk Factors
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Summary:To assess the prevalence of some mental disorders and suicide risk, and the association between them in youths. Data from the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort (Brazil) was used. The prevalence of mental disorders at 22 years [major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorders type 1 and 2 (BD1; BD2), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and antisocial personality disorder (APD)] and of suicide risk were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (n = 3,781). Comorbidity between disorders was also assessed. Association of each mental disorder and the number of disorders with suicide risk was assessed using Poisson regression. The prevalence of any mental disorder was 19.1% (95%CI 17.8-20.3), and GAD was the most prevalent (10.4%; 95%CI 9.5-11.4). The prevalence of current suicide risk was 8.8% (95%CI 5.9-9.7). All disorders (except APD) and the suicide risk were higher among women. Mental disorders were associated with a higher suicide risk, with the highest risks being observed for MDD (RR = 5.6; 95%CI 4.1-7.8) and PTSD (RR = 5.0; 95%CI 3.9-6.3). The higher the number of co-occurring mental disorders, the higher the risk of suicide. Our findings showed that about 20% of the youths had at least one mental disorder. However, this prevalence is underestimated since other relevant mental disorders were not assessed. Mental disorders were associated with higher suicide risk, especially the comorbidity between them.
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Authors’ Contribution: Design and planning of the study: APG, ALGS, HG. Collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data: APG, ALGS, HG. Preparation or review of the study: APG, ALGS, CK, LAR, HG. Approval of the final version: APG, ALGS, CK, LAR, HG. Public responsibility for the content of the article: APG, ALGS, CK, LAR, HG.
Conflict of Interest: CK has received authorship royalties from publishers Artmed and Manole. LAR has served on the speakers’ bureaus or acted as a consultant for Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, Novartis, and Shire; he receives authorship royalties from Oxford University Press and ArtMed; the ADHD and Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Programs chaired by him received unrestricted educational and research support from Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, and Shire; and he has received travel grants from Shire to attend the 2017 World Federation of ADHD Annual Meeting and from Novartis to attend the 2018 American Psychiatric Annual Meeting.
ISSN:0034-8910
1518-8787
1518-8787
DOI:10.11606/s1518-8787.20190530012356