Air leakage in Catalan dwellings: Developing an airtightness model and leakage airflow predictions

• Published in: Building and environment Vol. 45; no. 6; pp. 1458 - 1469
• Main Authors: Montoya, María I., Pastor, Elsa, Carrié, F. Rémi, Guyot, Gaelle, Planas, Eulàlia
• Format: Journal Article Publication
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: Air exchange rate; Aire; Airflow; Airtightness; Applied sciences; Buildings; Buildings. Public works; Cases unifamiliars; Census; Civil Engineering; Computation methods. Tables. Charts; Construction durable; Contaminació; Dwellings; Eco-conception; Edificis; Engineering Sciences; Enginyeria química; Environment and Society; Environmental Sciences; Estimates; Estructures; Exact sciences and technology; Impacte ambiental; Infiltration; Leakage; Mathematical models; Mechanics; Mesurament; Residential building; Residential dwellings; Risques; Structural analysis. Stresses; Thermics; Types of buildings; Àrees temàtiques de la UPC; Europe; Spain; France; Spain, Catalonia; Airtightness; Infiltration; Air exchange rate; Residential dwellings; Air leak; Air infiltration; Apartment; Forecast model; Modeling; Air flow; Residential building; Database; Application; Exchange coefficient
• ISSN: 0360-1323; 1873-684X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.12.009

In this study we estimate the air leakage distribution of single-family dwellings in Catalonia and use a statistical analysis of an airtightness database for single-family dwellings in France to identify the building characteristics that have the greatest influence on airtightness. The most significant variables are found to be the structure type, the floor area, the age of the building, the number of stories and the insulation type. A multiple linear regression technique is then applied to establish a predictive model for deriving an estimated value of airtightness from these characteristics. To estimate the infiltration airflow, a stochastic simulation of the building characteristics was performed per census tract using real data on the distributions of building variables taken from the census information. The model is then applied to determine the power law coefficient and the airtightness distribution. The predicted flow coefficients are combined with the AIM-2 model and given meteorological conditions to determine the infiltration airflow. Two sets of meteorological conditions are considered: average conditions and extreme conditions for each season.