Intravenous fat emulsion: A potential novel antidote

• Published in: Journal of medical toxicology Vol. 4; no. 2; pp. 109 - 114
• Main Authors: Turner-Lawrence, Danielle E., Kerns, William
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer-Verlag 01.06.2008; University of Pennsylvania Press; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Local - poisoning; Animals; Antidotes; Antidotes - adverse effects; Antidotes - metabolism; Antidotes - therapeutic use; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cardiovascular Agents - poisoning; Central Nervous System Agents - poisoning; Clinical trials; Drug dosages; Drugs; Emulsions; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous - adverse effects; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous - metabolism; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous - therapeutic use; Fatty acids; Health aspects; Humans; Inflammation; Intravenous administration; Lipids; Lipophilic; Local anesthetics; Metabolism; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Parenteral nutrition; Parenteral therapy; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Physiology; Poisoning - drug therapy; Sepsis; Toxicity; Toxicology; Toxicology Reviews; Triglycerides; United States; antidote; cardiovascular drug toxicity; Intravenous fat emulsion
• ISSN: 1556-9039; 1937-6995
• DOI: 10.1007/BF03160965

Intravenous fat emulsions (IFE) are traditionally used as a component of parenteral nutrition therapy. Recently, IFE was used to resuscitate severe local anesthetic drug toxicity. This review focuses on the potential role of IFE in treatment of toxicity due to local anesthetics and other lipid-soluble drugs. The general properties of IFE, metabolic fate, and associated adverse events are described. Cases of local anesthetic toxicity treated with IFE are presented along with a discussion of the possible antidotal mechanisms. Initial investigations into the antidotal use of IFE for lipophilic central nervous and cardiovascular drug toxicity are also reviewed.