CD45RA + CD62L - ILCs in human tissues represent a quiescent local reservoir for the generation of differentiated ILCs
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are highly plastic and predominantly mucosal tissue-resident cells that contribute to both homeostasis and inflammation depending on the microenvironment. The discovery of naïve-like ILCs suggests an ILC differentiation process that is akin to naïve T cell differentiatio...
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Published in | Science immunology Vol. 7; no. 70; p. eabj8301 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
15.04.2022
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get more information |
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Summary: | Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are highly plastic and predominantly mucosal tissue-resident cells that contribute to both homeostasis and inflammation depending on the microenvironment. The discovery of naïve-like ILCs suggests an ILC differentiation process that is akin to naïve T cell differentiation. Delineating the mechanisms that underlie ILC differentiation in tissues is crucial for understanding ILC biology in health and disease. Here, we showed that tonsillar ILCs expressing CD45RA lacked proliferative activity, indicative of cellular quiescence. CD62L distinguished two subsets of CD45RA
ILCs. CD45RA
CD62L
ILCs (CD62L
ILCs) resembled circulating naïve ILCs because they lacked the transcriptional, metabolic, epigenetic, and cytokine production signatures of differentiated ILCs. CD45RA
CD62L
ILCs (CD62L
ILCs) were epigenetically similar to CD62L
ILCs but showed a transcriptional, metabolic, and cytokine production signature that was more akin to differentiated ILCs. CD62L
and CD62L
ILCs contained uni- and multipotent precursors of ILC1s/NK cells and ILC3s. Differentiation of CD62L
and CD62L
ILCs led to metabolic reprogramming including up-regulation of genes associated with glycolysis, which was needed for their effector functions after differentiation. CD62L
ILCs with preferential differentiation capacity toward IL-22-producing ILC3s accumulated in the inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These data suggested distinct differentiation potential of CD62L
and CD62L
ILCs between tissue microenvironments and identified that manipulation of these cells is a possible approach to restore tissue-immune homeostasis. |
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ISSN: | 2470-9468 |
DOI: | 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj8301 |