Duiker demography and dispersal under hunting in Northern Congo

• Published in: African journal of ecology Vol. 48; no. 1; pp. 239 - 247
• Main Author: Mockrin, Miranda H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2010; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Animal populations; Animals; Central Africa; Cephalophus; Congo; Conservation; Demography; Dispersal; duiker; Ecology; Food resources; Herbivores; home range; Hunting; people; radio telemetry; Republic of the Congo; source-sink; Source-sink relationships; Survival; survival rate; Sustainability; Western Africa; Wildlife; Central Africa; Republic of the Congo; Brazzaville Republic of Congo; Congo-Republic of Congo; Africa; Western Africa
• ISSN: 0141-6707; 1365-2028
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01107.x

Duikers are the most heavily hunted species across forested Central and West Africa. Although these species form a vital food resource for people, little is known about their ecology and demography. The information available to date was collected from populations protected from hunting. However, hunting can profoundly alter demography and behaviour, such as dispersal, which in turn determine the sustainability of harvest. To address this research gap, I used radiotelemetry to examine duiker demography under hunting in Congo-Brazzaville. Among blue duikers (Philantoba monticola, n = 17) I found annual survival rates (0.94), immature dispersal rates (0.25), and average home ranges (5.5 ha) that largely coincided with previous research from unhunted regions. Neighbouring animals all showed some home range overlap, in contrast to previous studies which found blue duikers to be strictly territorial. Although limited by sample size, immature animals' dispersal distances were relatively high (1.5 km, n = 2). Animals' dispersal rates do not appear to be greatly increased by hunting pressure, although source-sink theory depends upon high rates of dispersal to maintain the elevated and localized hunting offtakes observed around settlements. Building a fuller understanding of duiker demography under hunting, including dispersal, will be essential for conservation and management efforts.