A Plasma Long Noncoding RNA Signature for Early Detection of Lung Cancer

• Published in: Translational oncology Vol. 11; no. 5; pp. 1225 - 1231
• Main Authors: Lin, Yanli, Leng, Qixin, Zhan, Min, Jiang, Feng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.10.2018; Neoplasia Press; Elsevier
• Subjects: Original article
• ISSN: 1936-5233; 1936-5233
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.07.016

The early detection of lung cancer is a major clinical challenge. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important functions in tumorigenesis. Plasma lncRNAs directly released from primary tumors or the circulating cancer cells might provide cell-free cancer biomarkers. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the lncRNAs could be used as plasma biomarkers for early-stage lung cancer. By using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, we determined the diagnostic performance of 26 lung cancer–associated lncRNAs in plasma of a development cohort of 63 lung cancer patients and 33 cancer-free individuals, and a validation cohort of 39 lung cancer patients and 28 controls. In the development cohort, 7 of the 26 lncRNAs were reliably measured in plasma. Two (SNHG1 and RMRP) displayed a considerably high plasma level in lung cancer patients vs. cancer-free controls (all P < .001). Combined use of the plasma lncRNAs as a biomarker signature produced 84.13% sensitivity and 87.88% specificity for diagnosis of lung cancer, independent of stage and histological type of lung tumor, and patients' age and sex (all P > .05). The diagnostic value of the plasma lncRNA signature for lung cancer early detection was confirmed in the validation cohort. The plasma lncRNA signature may provide a potential blood-based assay for diagnosing lung cancer at the early stage. Nevertheless, a prospective study is warranted to validate its clinical value.