Nutrient Requirements and Feed Costs Associated with Genetic Improvement in Production of Milk Components

• Published in: Journal of dairy science Vol. 77; no. 2; pp. 598 - 608
• Main Authors: Dado, R.G., Shook, G.E., Mertens, D.R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Savoy, IL Elsevier Inc 01.02.1994; Am Dairy Sci Assoc; American Dairy Science Association
• Subjects: ANALISIS DE COSTOS Y BENEFICIOS; ANALYSE COUT AVANTAGE; Animal Feed - economics; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; BESOIN NUTRITIONNEL; Biological and medical sciences; BREEDING METHODS; Cattle - genetics; Cattle - metabolism; Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; Costs and Cost Analysis; DAIRY COWS; Diet; feed costs; Female; FOURRAGE GRAIN; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; genetic selection; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution; GRAIN FEED; GRANOS PIENSO; Lactose - biosynthesis; Lipids - biosynthesis; METHODE D'AMELIORATION; METODOS DE MEJORAMIENTO; Milk - chemistry; Milk - metabolism; milk components; MILK PRODUCTION; Milk Proteins - biosynthesis; Models, Econometric; NECESIDADES DE NUTRIENTES; nutrient requirements; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; Pregnancy; PRODUCCION LECHERA; PRODUCTION LAITIERE; VACAS LECHERAS; VACHE LAITIERE; Vertebrata; United States; North America; America; APP; APR; genetic selection; nutrient requirements; PTA$p; RUP; milk components; feed costs; AP; SC; MPS; APE; ME; NELR; SBM; Genetic selection; Costs; Bovine; Nutritive value; Soybean; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Diet; Correlation analysis; Genetic improvement; Production; Plant protein; Chemical composition; Artiodactyla; Ungulata; Milk
• ISSN: 0022-0302; 1525-3198
• DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)76989-7

Dietary requirements for NEL and absorbed true protein were summarized for marginal production of milk components because of genetic improvement through selection. Shelled corn and soybean meal were used to meet marginal nutrient requirements and were assigned variable concentrations of absorbed true protein, depending on rumen-available energy and protein. Mean ratios among national averages for shelled corn to milk prices and soybean meal to milk prices (DM: standardized milk, dollars per kilogram) over a recent 25-yr period were .52 and 1.20, respectively. Stability of these relationships over time permits estimation of feed costs from milk price as prices inflate. Feed costs per kilogram of component, expressed as kilograms of standardized milk with equivalent value, were 1.00 for lactose, 1.89 for fat, and 3.49 for protein. Costs of milk protein were higher if production of absorbed true protein was limited by rumen-available energy, suggesting that selection for fat or lactose, in addition to protein, may be beneficial. High feed costs for milk protein indicate a need for adequate compensation to producers for milk protein and consideration of feed costs during selection. A net value index is proposed that considers feed costs associated with marginal production of individual milk components.