The fiber-coating model of biopharmaceutical depth filtration

• Published in: AIChE journal Vol. 51; no. 11; pp. 2978 - 2987
• Main Authors: Bolton, Glen R., LaCasse, Daniel, Lazzara, Matthew J., Kuriyel, Ralf
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.11.2005; Wiley Subscription Services; American Institute of Chemical Engineers
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Biological and medical sciences; bioseparations; Biotechnology; Cell culture; Chemical engineering; depth filter; Escherichia coli; Exact sciences and technology; Filters; Filtration; fouling; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Liquid-liquid and fluid-solid mechanical separations; Membrane separation; Membrane separation (reverse osmosis, dialysis...); membrane separations; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; Others; sizing; Various methods and equipments; sizing; Biotechnology; bioseparations; Fouling; Filtration; Prediction; Plugging; membrane separations; Permeability; Fermentation; Modeling; Membrane separation; depth filter; Porosity; Glass fiber; Microstructure; Fiber filter
• ISSN: 0001-1541; 1547-5905
• DOI: 10.1002/aic.10541

Depth filters are often used in biotechnology processes to remove cell debris from cell culture solutions. A model of filter plugging was developed to allow predictions of required filter area from limited amounts of initial data. The filter microstructure was idealized as an assembly of randomly oriented, straight, cylindrical fibers. It was assumed that filters plug as solids coat the surfaces of fibers, making them thicker and reducing filter porosity and permeability. The Carman–Kozeny equation was used to allow calculation of filter permeability as a function of filter fiber radius, filter solid fraction, and volume filtered. An explicit equation for filtrate volume as a function of time during constant pressure operation was derived, and an explicit equation for pressure as a function of time during constant flow rate operation was derived. A second model that accounted for the combined effects of fiber coating and surface caking was also derived. The models were tested on data from a replica cell culture fluid filtered through a glass fiber based depth filter and data from E. coli lysate filtered through glass fiber and diatomaceous earth based depth filters. The fiber coating model provided good fits of the volume vs. time data and good predictions of filter capacity from limited initial data. The combined cake‐fiber coating model provided improved performance over the fiber coating model. The models are useful tools for sizing of depth filters for fermentation and cell culture applications and may be useful for other liquid and gas filter applications. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005