Efficient validation and construction of border arrays and validation of string matching automata

• Published in: RAIRO. Informatique théorique et applications Vol. 43; no. 2; pp. 281 - 297
• Main Authors: Duval, Jean-Pierre, Lecroq, Thierry, Lefebvre, Arnaud
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Les Ulis EDP Sciences 01.04.2009
• Subjects: 68R15; 68W05; Algorithmics. Computability. Computer arithmetics; Applied sciences; border; Combinatorics on words; Computer Science; Computer science; control theory; systems; Data Structures and Algorithms; Exact sciences and technology; Functional analysis; Language theory and syntactical analysis; Mathematical analysis; Mathematics; Miscellaneous; period; Sciences and techniques of general use; string matching; string matching automata; Theoretical computing; Alphabet; Validation; border; Construction; Word; Automaton; Computer theory; String matching; Word combinatorics; 68R15; Check; Period; Linear time; Space time; Delay; Integer; Array; string matching automata; Skeleton; 68W05.; Combinatorics on words; Digraph; Application; Linear space; Directed graph
• ISSN: 0988-3754; 1290-385X
• DOI: 10.1051/ita:2008030

We present an on-line linear time and space algorithm to check if an integer array f is the border array of at least one string w built on a bounded or unbounded size alphabet Σ. First of all, we show a bijection between the border array of a string w and the skeleton of the DFA recognizing Σ*ω, called a string matching automaton (SMA). Different strings can have the same border array but the originality of the presented method is that the correspondence between a border array and a skeleton of SMA is independent from the underlying strings. This enables to design algorithms for validating and generating border arrays that outperform existing ones. The validating algorithm lowers the delay (maximal number of comparisons on one element of the array) from O(|w|) to 1 + min{|Σ|,1 + log2|ω|} compared to existing algorithms. We then give results on the numbers of distinct border arrays depending on the alphabet size. We also present an algorithm that checks if a given directed unlabeled graph G is the skeleton of a SMA on an alphabet of size s in linear time. Along the process the algorithm can build one string w for which G is the SMA skeleton.