Application of Plastic Sheet Barrier and Video Intubating Stylet to Protect Tracheal Intubators During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Taiwan Experience

• Published in: Cell Transplantation Vol. 30; p. 963689720987527
• Main Authors: Luk, Hsiang-Ning, Yang, Yao-Lin, Tsai, Phil B.
• Format: Book Review Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 2021; Sage Publications Ltd; SAGE Publishing
• Subjects: Antiviral agents; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - therapy; COVID-19 - transmission; Health care; Humans; Immunomodulation; Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient - prevention & control; Intubation; Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation; Intubation, Intratracheal - methods; Laryngoscopy; Mechanical ventilation; Medical personnel; Pandemics; Patients; Personal Protective Equipment; Pharynx; Physical Distancing; Plastics; Plastics - chemistry; Respiratory tract; Review; Stem cells; Taiwan - epidemiology; Video Recording - instrumentation; Taiwan; COVID-19; intubating stylet; airway management; plastic sheet
• ISSN: 0963-6897; 1555-3892
• DOI: 10.1177/0963689720987527

Since its outbreak in China, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused worldwide disaster. Globally, there have been 71,581,532 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 1,618,374 deaths, reported to World Health Organization (data retrieved on December 16, 2020). Currently, no treatment modalities for COVID-19 (e.g., vaccines or antiviral drugs) with confirmed efficacy and safety are available. Although the possibilities and relevant challenges of some alternatives (e.g., use of stem cells as immunomodulators) have been proposed, the personal protective equipment is still the only way to protect and lower infection rates of COVID-19 among healthcare workers and airway managers (intubators). In this article, we described the combined use of a plastic sheet as a barrier with the intubating stylet for tracheal intubation in patients needing mechanical ventilation. Although conventional or video-assisted laryngoscopy is more popular and familiar to other groups around the world, we believe that the video-assisted intubating stylet technique is much easier to learn and master. Advantages of the video stylet include the creation of greater working distance between intubator and patient, less airway stimulation, and less pharyngeal space needed for endotracheal tube advancement. All the above features make this technique reliable and superior to other devices, especially when a difficult airway is encountered in COVID scenario. Meanwhile, we proposed the use of a flexible and transparent plastic sheet to serve as a barrier against aerosol and droplet spread during airway management. We demonstrated that the use of a plastic sheet would not interfere or hinder the intubator’s maneuvers during endotracheal intubation. Moreover, we demonstrated that the plastic sheet was effective in preventing the spread of mist and water spray in simulation models with a mannequin. In our experience, we found that this technique most effectively protected the intubator and other operating room personnel from infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.