The novel chicken interleukin 26 protein is overexpressed in T cells and induces proinflammatory cytokines

• Published in: Veterinary research (Paris) Vol. 47; no. 1; p. 65
• Main Authors: Truong, Anh Duc, Park, Boyeong, Ban, Jihye, Hong, Yeong Ho
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 16.06.2016; BioMed Central
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Blotting, Western - veterinary; Canaries - genetics; Canaries - immunology; Chickens; Chickens - immunology; Chickens - metabolism; Cloning, Molecular; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - genetics; Gene Expression Regulation - physiology; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukins - genetics; Interleukins - physiology; Life Sciences; Medical research; Physiological aspects; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Sequence Homology; Swine - genetics; Swine - immunology; T cells; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; T-Lymphocytes - metabolism; Veterinary medicine
• ISSN: 1297-9716; 0928-4249; 1297-9716
• DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0342-0

In the present study, we describe the cloning and functional characterization of chicken interleukin 26 (ChIL-26). ChIL-26, a member of the IL-10 cytokine family, induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines by T cells. The ChIL-26 cDNA encodes an 82-amino-acid protein whose amino acid sequence has 22.63, 46.31 and 43.15% homology with human IL-26, pig IL-26 and canary IL-26, respectively. ChIL-26 signals through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the IL-20R1 and IL-10R2 chains, which are expressed primarily in the CU91 T cell line as well as CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Recombinant ChIL-26 protein induced Th1 cytokines (IL-16 and IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10), Th17 cytokines (IL-17A, IL-17D, and IL-17F), and chemokine transcripts (mainly CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL20 and CXCL13) in the CU91 T cell line and in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, however IL-18 was not expressed in the CU91 T cell line. Taken together, the data demonstrates that T cells express the functional ChIL-26 receptor complex and that ChIL-26 modulates T cell proliferation and proinflammatory gene expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cloned ChIL-26. We evaluated its functional roles, particularly in the pathogenic costimulation of T cells, which may be significantly associated with the induction of cytokines.