Muscle and Systemic Molecular Responses to a Single Flywheel Based Iso-Inertial Training Session in Resistance-Trained Men

• Published in: Frontiers in physiology Vol. 10; p. 554
• Main Authors: Annibalini, Giosuè, Contarelli, Serena, Lucertini, Francesco, Guescini, Michele, Maggio, Serena, Ceccaroli, Paola, Gervasi, Marco, Ferri Marini, Carlo, Fardetti, Francesco, Grassi, Eugenio, Stocchi, Vilberto, Barbieri, Elena, Benelli, Piero
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 09.05.2019
• Subjects: circulating miRNAs; extracellular vesicles; growth factors; inflammation; iso-inertial exercise; Physiology; extracellular vesicles; growth factors; inflammation; circulating miRNAs; iso-inertial exercise
• ISSN: 1664-042X; 1664-042X
• DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00554

Growing evidence points to the effectiveness of flywheel (FW) based iso-inertial resistance training in improving physical performance capacities. However, molecular adaptations induced by FW exercises are largely unknown. Eight resistance-trained men performed 5 sets of 10 maximal squats on a FW device. Muscle biopsies (fine needle aspiration technique) and blood samples were collected before (t0), and 2 h (t1) after FW exercise. Blood samples were additionally drawn after 24 h (t2) and 48 h (t3). Paired samples -tests revealed significant increases, at t1, of mRNA expression of the genes involved in inflammation, in both muscle ( α ) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( α ). Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) and EV-encapsulated miRNA levels (miR-206, miR-146a) significantly increased at t1 as well. Conversely, muscle mRNA level of genes associated with muscle growth/remodeling ( ) decreased at t1. One-way repeated measure ANOVAs, with Bonferroni corrected pairwise comparisons, revealed significant increases in plasma concentrations of IL-6 (t1; t2; t3) and muscle creatine kinase (t1; t2), while IGF-1 significantly increased at t2 only. Our findings show that, even in experienced resistance trained individuals, a single FW training session modifies local and systemic markers involved in late structural remodeling and functional adaptation of skeletal muscle.