The red ear syndrome

Red Ear Syndrome (RES) is a very rare disorder, with approximately 100 published cases in the medical literature. Red ear (RE) episodes are characterised by unilateral or bilateral attacks of paroxysmal burning sensations and reddening of the external ear. The duration of these episodes ranges from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of headache and pain Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 83 - 9
Main Authors Lambru, Giorgio, Miller, Sarah, Matharu, Manjit S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Milan Springer Milan 04.10.2013
Springer Nature B.V
Springer
Subjects
Age
Burning
Central nervous system
Chewing
Ear
Ear diseases
Ear Diseases - epidemiology
Ear Diseases - physiopathology
Headache
Headache - complications
Humans
Internal Medicine
Mandible
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Migraine
Nervous system
Neurology
Pain
Pain - etiology
Pain - physiopathology
Pain Medicine
Review
Review Article
Spine (cervical)
Syndrome
Red ear syndrome
Parasympathetic system
Trigemino-autonomic reflex
Erythromelalgia
Migraine
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias
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Summary:Red Ear Syndrome (RES) is a very rare disorder, with approximately 100 published cases in the medical literature. Red ear (RE) episodes are characterised by unilateral or bilateral attacks of paroxysmal burning sensations and reddening of the external ear. The duration of these episodes ranges from a few seconds to several hours. The attacks occur with a frequency ranging from several a day to a few per year. Episodes can occur spontaneously or be triggered, most frequently by rubbing or touching the ear, heat or cold, chewing, brushing of the hair, neck movements or exertion. Early-onset idiopathic RES seems to be associated with migraine, whereas late-onset idiopathic forms have been reported in association with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs). Secondary forms of RES occur with upper cervical spine disorders or temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction. RES is regarded refractory to medical treatments, although some migraine preventative treatments have shown moderate benefit mainly in patients with migraine-related attacks. The pathophysiology of RES is still unclear but several hypotheses involving peripheral or central nervous system mechanisms have been proposed.
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ISSN:1129-2369
1129-2377
1129-2377
DOI:10.1186/1129-2377-14-83