Cancer Stem Cell Hierarchy in Glioblastoma Multiforme

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive tumor that typically exhibits treatment failure with high mortality rates, is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor. CSCs possess the ability for perpetual self-renewal and proliferation, producing downstream progenitor...

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Published inFrontiers in surgery Vol. 3; p. 21
Main Authors Bradshaw, Amy, Wickremsekera, Agadha, Tan, Swee T., Peng, Lifeng, Davis, Paul F., Itinteang, Tinte
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 15.04.2016
Subjects
Cancer
Cancer stem cell
Glioblastoma Multiforme
hierarchy
markers
Surgery
glioblastoma multiforme
cancer
cancer stem cell
markers
hierarchy
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Summary:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive tumor that typically exhibits treatment failure with high mortality rates, is associated with the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor. CSCs possess the ability for perpetual self-renewal and proliferation, producing downstream progenitor cells that drive tumor growth. Studies of many cancer types have identified CSCs using specific markers, but it is still unclear as to where in the stem cell hierarchy these markers fall. This is compounded further by the presence of multiple GBM and glioblastoma cancer stem cell subtypes, making investigation and establishment of a universal treatment difficult. This review examines the current knowledge on the CSC markers SALL4, OCT-4, SOX2, STAT3, NANOG, c-Myc, KLF4, CD133, CD44, nestin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, specifically focusing on their use and validity in GBM research and how they may be utilized for investigations into GBM's cancer biology.
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Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neurosurgery, a section of the journal Frontiers in Surgery
Reviewed by: Kareem Zaghloul, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, USA; Yuhui Zhang, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, China
Edited by: Eberval Figueiredo, University of São Paulo, Brazil
ISSN:2296-875X
2296-875X
DOI:10.3389/fsurg.2016.00021