Genetic structure and isolation by altitude in rice landraces of Yunnan, China revealed by nucleotide and microsatellite marker polymorphisms
Rice landraces, a genetic reservoir for varietal improvement, are developed by farmers through artificial selection during the long-term domestication process. To efficiently conserve, manage, and use such germplasm resources, an understanding of the genetic structure and differentiation of local ri...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 12; no. 4; p. e0175731 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
19.04.2017
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Rice landraces, a genetic reservoir for varietal improvement, are developed by farmers through artificial selection during the long-term domestication process. To efficiently conserve, manage, and use such germplasm resources, an understanding of the genetic structure and differentiation of local rice landraces is required. In this study, we analyzed 188 accessions of rice landraces collected from localities across an altitudinal gradient from 425 to 2, 274 m above sea level in Yunnan Province, China using ten target genes and 48 SSR markers. We detected clear differentiation of the rice landraces into indica and japonica groups and further separation of the accessions in each group into two subgroups according to altitude, including a lower altitude subgroup and higher altitude subgroup. The AMOVA results showed significant genetic differentiation among altitude zones at SSRs and most genes, except Os1977 and STS22. We further determined that differentiation among landrace populations followed a model of isolation by altitude, in which gene flow was higher among populations at similar altitude levels than across different altitude levels. Our findings demonstrated that both adaptation to altitude and altitude-dependent gene flow played key roles in the genetic differentiation of rice landraces in Yunnan, China. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Conceptualization: HJK LZH DC.Data curation: DC JML CFT.Formal analysis: DC CFT.Funding acquisition: HJK LZH.Investigation: DC JML XDM.Methodology: DC CFT.Project administration: HJK LZH.Resources: CFT XXA TQY ELZ YJW GLC FRX.Software: DC CFT.Supervision: LYD HJK LZH.Validation: HJK LZH.Visualization: DC.Writing – original draft: DC CFT.Writing – review & editing: HJK LZH. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0175731 |