Tryptophane-205 of human topoisomerase I is essential for camptothecin inhibition of negative but not positive supercoil removal

• Published in: Nucleic acids research Vol. 35; no. 18; pp. 6170 - 6180
• Main Authors: Frøhlich, Rikke From, Veigaard, Christopher, Andersen, Félicie Faucon, McClendon, A. Kathleen, Gentry, Amanda C, Andersen, Anni Hangaard, Osheroff, Neil, Stevnsner, Tinna, Knudsen, Birgitta Ruth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 01.09.2007; Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
• Subjects: Camptothecin - pharmacology; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - chemistry; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - genetics; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - metabolism; DNA, Superhelical - chemistry; DNA, Superhelical - metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; Humans; Kinetics; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Plasmids - chemistry; Tryptophan - chemistry
• ISSN: 0305-1048; 1362-4962
• DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm669

Positive supercoils are introduced in cellular DNA in front of and negative supercoils behind tracking polymerases. Since DNA purified from cells is normally under-wound, most studies addressing the relaxation activity of topoisomerase I have utilized negatively supercoiled plasmids. The present report compares the relaxation activity of human topoisomerase I variants on plasmids containing equal numbers of superhelical twists with opposite handedness. We demonstrate that the wild-type enzyme and mutants lacking amino acids 1-206 or 191-206, or having tryptophane-205 replaced with a glycine relax positive supercoils faster than negative supercoils under both processive and distributive conditions. In contrast to wild-type topoisomerase I, which exhibited camptothecin sensitivity during relaxation of both negative and positive supercoils, the investigated N-terminally mutated variants were sensitive to camptothecin only during removal of positive supercoils. These data suggest different mechanisms of action during removal of supercoils of opposite handedness and are consistent with a recently published simulation study [Sari and Andricioaei (2005) Nucleic Acids Res., 33, 6621-6634] suggesting flexibility in distinct parts of the enzyme during clockwise or counterclockwise strand rotation.