Exosomal microRNAs in regulation of tumor cells resistance to apoptosis

• Published in: Biochemistry and biophysics reports Vol. 37; p. 101644
• Main Authors: Salehi, Mohammad, Kamali, Mohammad Javad, Arab, Daniyal, Safaeian, Naghme, Ashuori, Zahra, Maddahi, Moein, Latifi, Narges, Jahromi, Amir Moein
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.03.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Apoptosis; Cancer; Drug resistance; Exosome; MicroRNA; Review; MicroRNA; Drug resistance; Exosome; Apoptosis; Cancer
• ISSN: 2405-5808; 2405-5808
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101644

Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle that contains bioactive molecules that can be secreted by most cells. Nevertheless, the content of these cells differs depending on the cell from which they originate. The exosome plays a crucial role in modulating intercellular communication by conveying molecular messages to neighboring or distant cells. Cancer-derived exosomes can transfer several types of molecules into the tumor microenvironment, including high levels of microRNA (miRNA). These miRNAs significantly affect cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis resistance, metastasis, and immune evasion. Increasing evidence indicates that exosomal miRNAs (exomiRs) are crucial to regulating cancer resistance to apoptosis. In cancer cells, exomiRs orchestrate communication channels between them and their surrounding microenvironment, modulating gene expression and controlling apoptosis signaling pathways. This review presents an outline of present-day knowledge of the mechanisms that affect target cells and drive cancer resistance to apoptosis. Also, our study looks at the regulatory role of exomiRs in mediating intercellular communication between tumor cells and surrounding microenvironmental cells, specifically stromal and immune cells, to evade therapy-induced apoptosis. •Exosomes modulate intercellular communication by conveying molecular messages to neighboring or distant cells.•Exosomes harbor miRNAs that play a critical role in cell death signaling pathways and therapy response.•Targeting exosomal microRNAs holds significant potential as a therapeutic strategy to overcome cancer resistance.