Spatial patterns and cell surface clusters in perineuronal nets

• Published in: Brain research Vol. 1648; no. Pt A; pp. 214 - 223
• Main Authors: Arnst, Nikita, Kuznetsova, Svetlana, Lipachev, Nikita, Shaikhutdinov, Nurislam, Melnikova, Anastasiya, Mavlikeev, Mikhail, Uvarov, Pavel, Baltina, Tatyana V, Rauvala, Heikki, Osin, Yuriy N, Kiyasov, Andrey P, Paveliev, Mikhail
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2016
• Subjects: Animals; Cell surface compartments; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans - metabolism; Chondroitinsulfate proteoglycans; Extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - metabolism; Mice; Nerve Net - cytology; Nerve Net - metabolism; Neurology; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - metabolism; Perineuronal nets; Plant Lectins - metabolism; Rats; Receptors, N-Acetylglucosamine - metabolism; Somatosensory cortex; Somatosensory Cortex - cytology; Somatosensory Cortex - metabolism; Synaptic plasticity; Wisteria floribunda; chondroitinsulfate proteoglycans; α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor; postsynaptic density protein 95; glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor; N-acetyl-galactosamine; NT-3; CNS; Sema3A; PNN; 2D; WFA; Semaphorin-3A; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; 3-dimensional; receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S; perineuronal nets; FGF; BDNF; chondroitin sulfate; root mean square deviation; VEGF; RMSD; PTPsigma; ECM; central nervous system; GalNAc; CS; 3D; fibroblast growth factors; AMPA receptor; Wisteria floribunda agglutinin; PSD95; two-dimensional; GDNF; vascular endothelial growth factor; chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans; cell surface compartments; CSPG; somatosensory cortex; synaptic plasticity; neurotrophin-3; extracellular matrix; Somatosensory cortex; Synaptic plasticity; Extracellular matrix; Chondroitinsulfate proteoglycans; Cell surface compartments; Perineuronal nets
• ISSN: 0006-8993; 1872-6240
• DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.020

Abstract Perineuronal nets (PNN) ensheath GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses on neuronal cell surface in the central nervous system (CNS), have neuroprotective effect in animal models of Alzheimer disease and regulate synaptic plasticity during development and regeneration. Crucial insights were obtained recently concerning molecular composition and physiological importance of PNN but the microstructure of the network remains largely unstudied. Here we used histochemistry, fluorescent microscopy and quantitative image analysis to study the PNN structure in adult mouse and rat neurons from layers IV and VI of the somatosensory cortex. Vast majority of meshes have quadrangle, pentagon or hexagon shape with mean mesh area of 1.29 μm2 in mouse and 1.44 μm2 in rat neurons. We demonstrate two distinct patterns of chondroitin sulfate distribution within a single mesh – with uniform (nonpolar) and node-enriched (polar) distribution of the Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive signal. Vertices of the node-enriched pattern match better with local maxima of chondroitin sulfate density as compared to the uniform pattern. PNN is organized into clusters of meshes with distinct morphologies on the neuronal cell surface. Our findings suggest the role for the PNN microstructure in the synaptic transduction and plasticity.