Genetic Control of GCF Exudation: Innate Immunity Genes and Periodontitis Susceptibility

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 24; no. 18; p. 14249
• Main Authors: Lohinai, Zsolt M., Ruksakiet, Kasidid, Földes, Anna, Dinya, Elek, Levine, Martin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Adaptive immunity; Adults; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biofilms; Comorbidity; Dementia; Diabetes; Disease susceptibility; experimental gingivitis; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genotype & phenotype; Gum disease; Health aspects; Hygiene; Implant dentures; Infection; Inflammatory diseases; innate immunity; Lysine; Oral hygiene; Periodontitis; periopathogens; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Toiletries industry; Hungary; United States > US
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814249

Chronic periodontitis is a bacterial infection associated with dentally adherent biofilm (plaque) accumulation and age-related comorbidities. The disease begins as an inflammatory exudate from gingival margins, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in response to biofilm lysine. After a week of experimental gingivitis (no oral hygiene), biofilm lysine concentration was linearly related to biofilm accumulation (plaque index) but to GCF as an arch-shaped double curve which separated 9 strong from 6 weak GCF responders (hosts). Host DNA was examined for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of alleles reported in 7 periodontitis-associated genes. Across all 15 hosts, an adenine SNP (A) at IL1B-511 (rs16944), was significant for strong GCF (Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.05), and a thymidine SNP (T) at IL1B+3954 (rs1143634) for weak GCF provided 2 hosts possessing IL6-1363(T), rs2069827, were included. The phenotype of IL1B+3954(T) was converted from weak to strong in one host, and of the non-T allele from strong to weak in the other (specific epistasis, Fisher’s exact test, p < 0.01). Together with homozygous alternate or reference SNPs at IL10-1082 or CD14-260 in 4 hosts, all hosts were identified as strong or weak GCF responders. The GCF response is therefore a strong or weak genetic trait that indicates strong or weak innate immunity in EG and controllable or uncontrollable periodontal disease, dental implant survival and late-life comorbidities.