Disentangling the influence of ecological and historical factors on seed germination and seedling types in a Neotropical dry forest

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 15; no. 4; p. e0231526
• Main Authors: Cortés-Flores, Jorge, Cornejo-Tenorio, Guadalupe, Sánchez-Coronado, María Esther, Orozco-Segovia, Alma, Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 16.04.2020; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Biology and Life Sciences; Computer and Information Sciences; Cotyledons; Dispersal; Dispersion; Dry forests; Dry season; Ecological effects; Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Ecosystems; Forest communities; Forests; Functional morphology; Germination; Interspecific; Lag time; Life history; Morphology; Phenology; Phylogeny; Precipitation; Regeneration; Seasons; Seed dispersal; Seed germination; Seedlings; Seeds; Species; Tropical forests; Water availability
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231526

In tropical dry forests, although seed germination and seedling establishment are in general limited by the seasonal availability of water, high interspecific variability, nonetheless, exists in terms of seedling traits and germination dynamics. Differences among species in seed germination and seedling traits may be related to other plant life-history traits, such that assessing these relationships may increase our understanding of factors influencing plant establishment, which would affect the regeneration pathways of tropical dry forest communities. In this study, taking into consideration the effect species' phylogeny, we evaluated the relationships of seed germination metrics (percentage, lag time, and rate of germination) and seedling types (i.e. cotyledons functional morphology), with plant life-history traits (growth form, seed mass, dispersal syndrome and dispersal phenology) for 110 species in a Neotropical dry forest in Mexico. A total of 92% of the species studied disperse their seeds during the dry season, mainly at the beginning of this season (66%), a strategy mostly associated with autochorous herbs. Seed germination was more frequent in species that dispersed seeds at the end of the dry season. Germination percentage was not related to any of the traits studied. However, germination lag time and rate were negatively related to seed mass, a trait that in turn depended on growth form and dispersal syndrome. The dominant seedling type in the community was phanerocotylar epigeal with foliaceous cotyledons (56%), which was mostly associated with small seed mass and herbaceous growth form. Our results provide evidence that several plant life-history traits explain an important part of the variation in seed germination and seedling characteristics observed among species. Therefore, these plant life-history traits may be useful for grouping species in terms of their establishment strategies and roles on the regeneration of tropical dry communities.