High-throughput screening of dioxins in sediment and soil using selective pressurized liquid extraction with immunochemical detection

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 77; no. 9; pp. 1217 - 1223
• Main Authors: Chuang, Jane C., Van Emon, Jeanette M., Schrock, Mary E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Antibodies - immunology; Applied ecology; Applied sciences; Biological and medical sciences; Dioxins; Dioxins - analysis; Dioxins - chemistry; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; ELISA; Environment. Living conditions; environmental monitoring; Environmental Pollutants - analysis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Exact sciences and technology; Extraction; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Geologic Sediments - analysis; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Limit of Detection; Liquids; Medical sciences; PCDD; PCDF; Pollution; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - chemistry; polyclonal antibodies; pressure treatment; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Sediment; sediment contamination; Sediments; Selective pressurized liquid extraction; Silicon dioxide; Soil; Soil (material); Soil - analysis; Soil Pollutants - analysis; soil pollution; PCDF; Soil; Sediment; Selective pressurized liquid extraction; PCDD; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Selective extraction; Dioxin derivatives; Enzyme immunoassay; Sediments; Persistent organic pollutant; Soils; Chlorine Organic compounds; Detection; ELISA assay; Organic compounds
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.09.010

A high-throughput screening method using selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for monitoring dioxins in sediment and soil is described. SPLE conditions were developed by extracting sediment or soil together with alumina, 10% AgNO 3 in silica, and sulfuric acid impregnated silica (acid silica) using dichloromethane (DCM) as the solvent at 100 °C and 2000 psi. Post-extraction cleanups were not required for ELISA. Two reference sediments (National Institute of Standards and Technology SRM 1944 and Wellington Laboratories WMS01) were analyzed by the SPLE–ELISA method. The ELISA utilized a polyclonal antibody and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) as the calibrant. Recoveries of ELISA-derived TCDD equivalents (EQ) relative to the expected gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) derived dioxin toxic equivalent (TEQ) values were 116 ± 11% for SRM 1944 and 102 ± 13% for WMS01. ELISA TCDD EQs were consistent with the dioxin TEQs as measured by GC/HRMS for 25 soil/sediment samples from seven different contaminated sites. The ELISA had an approximate method detection limit of 10 pg g −1 with a precision of 2.6–29% based on the relative percentage difference (%RPD) for duplicate samples. Estimated sample throughput for the SPLE–ELISA was three times or more than that of the GC/HRMS method employing PLE with a multi-column cleanup.