Cell-free long non-coding RNAs (LY86-AS1 & HCG27_201and GAS5) as biomarkers for pre-diabetes and type 2 DM in Egypt

• Published in: Biochemistry and biophysics reports Vol. 23; p. 100770
• Main Authors: Saleh, Amany A., Kasem, Heba E., Zahran, Enas S., El-Hefnawy, Sally M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.09.2020; Elsevier
• Subjects: Cell free; lncRNA; Pre-diabetes; T2DM; T2DM; lncRNA; Cell free; Pre-diabetes
• ISSN: 2405-5808; 2405-5808
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100770

Increasing interest has been focused on lncRNAs as potential markers in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases. We aimed to investigate the expression pattern and role of cell-free lncRNAs (GAS5, HCG27_201 and LY86-AS1) in pre-diabetic, diabetic and T2DM groups. Quantification of the expression level of cell-free lncRNAs (GAS5, HCG27_201 and LY86-AS1) was performed by real-time PCR in 210 individuals classified in diabetic (T2DM), pre-diabetic and control groups. Significant differences were observed in the relative expression level of lncRNAs (GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201) among the three studied groups. The LncRNA expression levels decreased gradually from the control to the pre-diabetic group and reached the lowest values in the T2DM group. The A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to identify a cut-off value for each of the three genes among our groups. The three lncRNAs showed promising results in discriminating between the diabetic patients and controls, with HCG27_201 gene expression having the best performance. Furthermore, lncRNA expression was able to predict the future development of DM in the pre-diabetics because ROC analysis among diabetics and pre-diabetics revealed considerable results. GAS5 gene expression showed the best performance. Additionally, HCG27_201 expression was the most valuable biomarker for differentiating between pre-diabetics and controls and presented a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 64%. We concluded that cell free lncRNAs (GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201) could be considered promising diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for DM and that HCG27_201 could act as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pre-diabetes. •lncRNAs are involved in T2DM pathological process.•lncRNA showed ability to predict development of DM.•GAS5, LY86-AS1 and HCG27_201 could be considered as diagnostic biomarkers for DM.•The three studied lncRNA could also be considered as predictive biomarkers for DM.•HCG27_201 could act as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pre-diabetes.