Fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of metastatic malignant diffuse type tenosynovial giant cell tumor

• Published in: Journal of cytology Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 174 - 176
• Main Authors: Ramteke, Prashant, Iyer, Venkat K, Madan, Karan, Gamangatti, Shivanand, Mridha, Asit R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.07.2017; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Biopsy; Bone cancer; Cancer metastasis; Case Report; Cellular biology; Chemotherapy; Cytology; Cytoplasm; D-TGCT; FNAC; joint; malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor; metastasis; Diagnosis; Gangrene; Genetic transformation; Giant cells; Metastases; Metastasis; Mitosis; Nucleoli; Pathology; Patients; Radiation therapy; Synovium; Tumor cells; Tumors; FNAC; joint; metastasis; D.TGCT; malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor
• ISSN: 0970-9371; 0974-5165
• DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.208111

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) arise from the synovium of joint, bursa, and tendon sheath, and are classified into localized and diffuse types. Diffused type often affects the large joint, and has more recurrence, metastasis, and malignant transformation potential compared to the localized type. Malignant diffused TGCT (D-TGCT) usually occurs as a large tumor (>5 cm), in older patients, and its histopathologic features include necrosis, cellular anaplasia, prominent nucleoli, high nuclear cytoplasmic ratio, brisk mitosis, discohesion of tumor cells, paucity of giant cells, and a diffuse growth pattern. At least five of these criteria are required for the histopathologic diagnosis of malignant TGCT because the benign TGCT also shares many of these morphological features. We describe the cytomorphologic features of a malignant D-TGCT from an unusual case of pulmonary metastasis in an adult patient. Fine needle aspiration cytologic features of malignant D-TGCT have not been described earlier in the English literature.