The physiological response of the reef coral Pocillopora damicornis to elevated temperature: results from coral reef mesocosm experiments in Southern Taiwan

• Published in: Marine environmental research Vol. 86; pp. 1 - 11
• Main Authors: Mayfield, Anderson B., Chen, Meng-Ni, Meng, Pei-Jie, Lin, Hsing-Juh, Chen, Chii-Shiarng, Liu, Pi-Jen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2013; Elsevier
• Subjects: Acclimation; Acclimatization; Acclimatization - physiology; analysis; Analysis of Variance; Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Anthozoa; Anthozoa - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; climate change; Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change; Coral Reefs; corals; Earth, ocean, space; Endosymbiosis; Exact sciences and technology; External geophysics; Fluorometry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Global change; Invertebrate physiology; Mesocosm; Meteorology; Molecular biology; Mortality; mRNA; Pacific Ocean; physiological response; physiology; Protozoa; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sea water ecosystems; Seawater; Seawater - analysis; Symbiodinium; Synecology; Taiwan; Temperature; Time Factors; Pacific Ocean; Taiwan; Asia; Far east; Coral reefs; Invertebrate physiology; Mesocosm; Temperature; Endosymbiosis; Global change; mRNA; Molecular biology; Symbiodinium; Acclimation; Modification; Environmental factor; Pocillopora damicornis; Marine environment; Coelenterata; Messenger RNA; Cnidaria; Planetary scale; Physiology; Adaptation; Protozoa; Subtropical zone; Coral reef; Dynamical climatology; Climate change; Invertebrata
• ISSN: 0141-1136; 1879-0291; 1879-0291
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.01.004

Given the threat of climate change towards scleractinian corals, there is an urgent need to understand their physiological mechanisms of acclimation to increasing temperatures. To gain insight into this process, two mesocosm-based experiments were conducted in Southern Taiwan with the model reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis. In the first study, temperature was gradually elevated to 32 °C, though reduced to ambient levels at night, in order to simulate a temperature profile that can characterize intertidal reefs of Southern Taiwan. All corals acclimated to such conditions over the course of the month-long experiment, as evidenced by a variety of physiological and sub-cellular responses. In the second experiment, corals were exposed continually to 31.5 °C for two weeks, and, in contrast to results from the first study, the majority of the corals died, revealing that prolonged exposure to this temperature is lethal for this dominant reef builder of many regions of the Pacific Ocean. ► First project to use mesocosms to study the model reef coral Pocillopora damicornis. ► P. damicornis can acclimate to pulses of elevated temperature up to 32 °C. ► Among few studies to document coral response across multiple biological scales. ► Duration of elevated temperature exposure drives physiological response of coral.