High-Intensity Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation

• Published in: Sports medicine (Auckland) Vol. 42; no. 7; pp. 587 - 605
• Main Authors: Guiraud, Thibaut, Nigam, Anil, Gremeaux, Vincent, Meyer, Philippe, Juneau, Martin, Bosquet, Laurent
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.07.2012; Adis International; Springer Nature B.V; Springer Verlag
• Subjects: Animal subjects; Biological and medical sciences; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cardiorespiratory; Cardiovascular disease; Circulatory system; Cognitive science; Coronary Artery Disease - physiopathology; Coronary Artery Disease - rehabilitation; Coronary vessels; Diseases of the cardiovascular system; Exercise; Exercise intensity; Exercise Therapy - methods; Failure; Fitness training programs; Heart; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart Failure - physiopathology; Heart Failure - rehabilitation; Heart failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, cardiac enlargement; Humans; Interval training; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic syndrome; Mortality; Neuroscience; Patients; Physical fitness; Physiology; Primary Prevention; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); Rehabilitation; Review Article; Risk Factors; Sports Medicine; Vein & artery diseases; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Heart Failure Patient; Coronary Artery Disease Patient; Interval Training; Exercise Protocol; Physical exercise; Human; Heart failure; Physical training; Heart disease; Intensity; Bibliographic survey; Cardiovascular disease; Review; Physical rehabilitation; Interval; CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; CONTINUOUS MODERATE EXERCISE; CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA; STEADY-STATE EXERCISE; ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE; SHORT INTERMITTENT RUNS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ''CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; PRACTICE GUIDELINES COMMITTEE
• ISSN: 0112-1642; 1179-2035; 1179-2035
• DOI: 10.2165/11631910-000000000-00000

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is frequently used in sports training. The effects on cardiorespiratory and muscle systems have led scientists to consider its application in the field of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this review is to report the effects and interest of HIIT in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), as well as in persons with high cardiovascular risk. A non-systematic review of the literature in the MEDLINE database using keywords ‘exercise’, ‘high-intensity interval training’, ‘interval training’, ‘coronary artery disease’, ‘coronary heart disease’, ‘chronic heart failure’ and ‘metabolic syndrome’ was performed. We selected articles concerning basic science research, physiological research, and randomized or non-randomized interventional clinical trials published in English. To summarize, HIIT appears safe and better tolerated by patients than moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE). HIIT gives rise to many short- and long-term central and peripheral adaptations in these populations. In stable and selected patients, it induces substantial clinical improvements, superior to those achieved by MICE, including beneficial effects on several important prognostic factors (peak oxygen uptake, ventricular function, endothelial function), as well as improving quality of life. HIIT appears to be a safe and effective alternative for the rehabilitation of patients with CAD and HF. It may also assist in improving adherence to exercise training. Larger randomized interventional studies are now necessary to improve the indications for this therapy in different populations.