The Update of HIV-1 Prevalence and Incidence and Spatio-Temporal Analyses of HIV Recent Infection Among Four Sub-Groups in Sichuan, China During Surveillance Period Between 2016 and 2022

• Published in: Infection and drug resistance Vol. 16; pp. 6535 - 6548
• Main Authors: Yang, Hong, Li, Yiping, Xu, Mengjiao, Hu, Ying, Yuan, Fengshun, Liu, Lunhao, Li, Ling, Yuan, Dan, Ye, Li, Zhou, Chang, Zhang, Yan, Su, Ling, Liang, Shu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press Limited 30.09.2023; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Analysis; Disease transmission; female sex workers; fsws; HIV (Viruses); hot spots; human immunodeficiency virus; Infection; male std clinic attendees; men who have sex with men; msm; mstd; Original Research; people who inject drugs; Prevention; pwid; recent infection; Sex oriented businesses; Sexually transmitted diseases; China
• ISSN: 1178-6973; 1178-6973
• DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S428744

Background: Sichuan Province has gradually become a hot-spot for HIV/AIDS. Little is known about the HIV-1 incidence and prevalence among four sub-groups since 2015. Meanwhile, the distributions of hot-spot areas related to recent infection cases that indicate current transmission among the four subgroups are also rare. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to assess the HIV-1 prevalence and incidence and to visualize the distributions of hotspot areas of current transmission among four subgroups (people who inject drugs, male STD clinic attendees, female sex workers and men who had sex with men) during the surveillance period in Sichuan province between 2016 and 2022. Results: Of the 267,617 individuals, 2158 HIV-positive samples were tested with Lag-Avidity EIA, among which 493 samples were identified as recent infections. Among people who inject drugs (PWID), both HIV- 1 prevalence (from 1.41% to 0.34%) and incidence (from 0.03% to 0.140%) showed a significant decreasing trend. Among men who had sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSWs), and male STD clinic attendees, HIV-1 prevalence indicated significant decreasing trends, whereas HIV-1 incidence showed no significant changes. Spatial analysis demonstrated the formation of hot-spots and clusters of current transmissions sharing regional differences, mainly concentrated in the southeast, and most of these were consecutive hot-spots. Conclusion: The prevention and control were efficacious and persistent. However, among the other three subgroups, there is a need for a regional cooperative in prevention and control approaches and collaborative research in many aspects. Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus, recent infection, hot spots, people who inject drugs, PWID, male STD clinic attendees, mSTD, female sex workers, FSWs