Advances and Trends in miRNA Analysis Using DNAzyme-Based Biosensors

miRNAs are endogenous small, non-coding RNA molecules that function in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Because miRNA plays a pivotal role in maintaining the intracellular environment, and abnormal expression has been found in many cancer diseases, detection of miRNA as a biomarke...

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Published inBiosensors (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 9; p. 856
Main Authors Lee, Minhyuk, Kang, Seungjae, Kim, Sungjee, Park, Nokyoung
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 29.08.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Amplification
Analysis
Biocompatibility
Biomarkers
biosensor
Biosensors
Cancer
Deoxyribozymes
Design
Diagnosis
DNAzyme
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Health aspects
Low concentrations
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Post-transcription
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Sensitivity
Trends
South Korea
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Summary:miRNAs are endogenous small, non-coding RNA molecules that function in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Because miRNA plays a pivotal role in maintaining the intracellular environment, and abnormal expression has been found in many cancer diseases, detection of miRNA as a biomarker is important for early diagnosis of disease and study of miRNA function. However, because miRNA is present in extremely low concentrations in cells and many types of miRNAs with similar sequences are mixed, traditional gene detection methods are not suitable for miRNA detection. Therefore, in order to overcome this limitation, a signal amplification process is essential for high sensitivity. In particular, enzyme-free signal amplification systems such as DNAzyme systems have been developed for miRNA analysis with high specificity. DNAzymes have the advantage of being more stable in the physiological environment than enzymes, easy to chemically synthesize, and biocompatible. In this review, we summarize and introduce the methods using DNAzyme-based biosensors, especially with regard to various signal amplification methods for high sensitivity and strategies for improving detection specificity. We also discuss the current challenges and trends of these DNAzyme-based biosensors.
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ISSN:2079-6374
2079-6374
DOI:10.3390/bios13090856