The association of age and semen quality in healthy men

• Published in: Human reproduction (Oxford) Vol. 18; no. 2; pp. 447 - 454
• Main Authors: Eskenazi, B., Wyrobek, A.J., Sloter, E., Kidd, S.A., Moore, L., Young, S., Moore, D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Oxford University Press 01.02.2003; Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging - physiology; Biological and medical sciences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Key words: age/semen volume/sperm concentration/sperm motility/total sperm count; Male; Mammalian male genital system; Middle Aged; Morphology. Physiology; Reference Values; Semen - cytology; Semen - physiology; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility; Vertebrates: reproduction; age/semen volume/sperm concentration/sperm motility/total sperm count; Human; Spermatozoa; Motility; Semen; Volume; Male; Germinal cell; Age; Quantitative analysis
• ISSN: 0268-1161; 1460-2350; 1460-2350
• DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deg107

BACKGROUND: Although the effect of maternal age on fertility is well known, it is unclear whether paternal age also affects fertility. This cross‐sectional study sought to characterize the association between age and semen quality, a well‐known proxy of fertility status. METHODS: A convenience sample of 97 non‐smoking men (aged 22–80 years) without known fertility problems was recruited from a national government laboratory. The men provided semen samples and information relating to lifestyle, diet, medical and occupational details. Semen volume (ml), sperm concentration (×106/ml), total sperm count (×106), motility (%), progressive motility (%) and total progressively motile sperm count (×106) were measured. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, semen volume decreased by 0.03 ml per year of age (95% CI: –0.05, –0.01); motility decreased by 0.7% per year (95% CI: –0.92, –0.43); progressive motility decreased by 3.1% per year (95% CI: –4.5, –1.6); and total progressively motile sperm count decreased by 4.7% per year (95% CI: –7.2, –2.2). There was a suggested decrease in sperm concentration and count. The proportion of men with abnormal volume, concentration and motility was significantly increased across the age decades. CONCLUSIONS: In a convenience sample of healthy men from a non‐clinical setting, semen volume and sperm motility decreased continuously between 22–80 years of age, with no evidence of a threshold.