Acute-Onset Unilateral Psychogenic Hearing Loss in Adults: Report of Six Cases and Diagnostic Pitfalls

• Published in: O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties Vol. 71; no. 5; pp. 279 - 283
• Main Authors: Oishi, Naoki, Kanzaki, Sho, Kataoka, Chinatsu, Tazoe, Mami, Takei, Yasuhiko, Nagai, Keiichi, Kohno, Naoyuki, Ogawa, Kaoru
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland Karger 01.01.2009; S. Karger AG
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adult; Adults; Anxiety Disorders - complications; Audiometry; Auditory Threshold; Biological and medical sciences; Case Report; Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Female; Hearing loss; Hearing Loss, Functional - diagnosis; Hearing Loss, Functional - psychology; Hearing Loss, Unilateral - diagnosis; Hearing Loss, Unilateral - psychology; Humans; Medical diagnosis; Medical sciences; Neurotic Disorders - complications; Non tumoral diseases; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - complications; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult; Acute onset; Psychogenic hearing loss, unilateral; Adults; Human; Acute; Auditory disorder; ENT; Hearing loss; Unilateral; ENT disease; Adult; Psychogenic; Diagnosis
• ISSN: 0301-1569; 1423-0275
• DOI: 10.1159/000251195

We encountered 6 rare cases of acute-onset unilateral psychogenic hearing loss in adults. All were women in their 20s and 30s. Three cases had severe hearing impairment characterized by hearing loss at every frequency; 2 cases had profound hearing impairment, and 1 case had low-frequency hearing impairment. Of the 6 cases, 3 had a history of hearing loss, and 1 had a history of psychogenic visual disturbance. All 6 cases were initially diagnosed as having idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss; all subsequently received steroid therapy. Three cases were not diagnosed as being psychogenic in origin until otoacoustic emissions and auditory brain responses were performed. Although the presence of distinctive clinical features (age, gender, and past history) is important for suspecting psychogenic hearing loss, objective audiological tests such as otoacoustic emissions are essential for diagnosing some cases. Compared to the existing reports of similar cases, our cases had a poorer prognosis (only 2 cases were cured).