New antibiotic dosing in infants

To prevent the devastating consequences of infection, most infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit are exposed to antibiotics. However, dosing regimens are often extrapolated from data in adults and older children, increasing the risk for drug toxicity and lack of clinical efficacy beca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inClinics in perinatology Vol. 42; no. 1; p. 167
Main Authors Pineda, Leslie C, Watt, Kevin M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.03.2015
Subjects
Ampicillin - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Clindamycin - administration & dosage
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Meropenem
Metronidazole - administration & dosage
Penicillanic Acid - administration & dosage
Penicillanic Acid - analogs & derivatives
Piperacillin - administration & dosage
Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination
Practice Guidelines as Topic
Thienamycins - administration & dosage
Dosing
Neonates
Infants
Antibiotics
Prematurity
Pharmacokinetics
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Summary:To prevent the devastating consequences of infection, most infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit are exposed to antibiotics. However, dosing regimens are often extrapolated from data in adults and older children, increasing the risk for drug toxicity and lack of clinical efficacy because they fail to account for developmental changes in infant physiology. However, newer technologies are emerging with minimal-risk study designs, including ultra-low-volume assays, pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation, and opportunistic drug protocols. With minimal-risk study designs, pharmacokinetic data and dosing regimens for infants are now available for ampicillin, clindamycin, meropenem, metronidazole, and piperacillin/tazobactam.
ISSN:1557-9840
DOI:10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.009