Development of a Bioactive Flowable Resin Composite Containing a Zinc-Doped Phosphate-Based Glass

• Published in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 11; p. 2311
• Main Authors: Lee, Myung-Jin, Seo, Young-Bin, Seo, Ji-Young, Ryu, Jeong-Hyun, Ahn, Hyo-Ju, Kim, Kwang-Mahn, Kwon, Jae-Sung, Choi, Sung-Hwan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 22.11.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: antibacterial; Antibacterial activity; Antimicrobial agents; biofilm; Biofilms; Colonies; Composite materials; Curing; Dental caries; Dental materials; Dental plaque; dental restoration; Dental restorative materials; Dentistry; Enamel; Flexural strength; flowable resin composite; Glass; International standards; Mechanical properties; Microhardness; Modulus of elasticity; Particle size; plaque prevention; Polymerization; Polymers; Resins; Variance analysis; Zinc; Zinc oxides; United States > US; Japan; Germany
• ISSN: 2079-4991; 2079-4991
• DOI: 10.3390/nano10112311

Flowable resins used for dental restoration are subject to biofilm formation. Zinc has antibacterial properties. Thus, we prepared a zinc-doped phosphate-based glass (Zn-PBG) to dope a flowable resin and evaluated the antibacterial activity of the composite against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) to extrapolate the preventative effect toward secondary caries. The composites were prepared having 0 (control), 1.9, 3.8, and 5.4 wt.% Zn-PBG. The flexural strength, elastic modulus, microhardness, depth of cure, ion release, inhibition zone size, and number of colony-forming units were evaluated and analyzed using ANOVA. The flexural strength of the control was significantly higher than those of Zn-PBG samples (p < 0.05). However, all samples meet the International Standard, ISO 4049. The microhardness was not significantly different for the control group and 1.9 and 3.8 wt.% groups, but the 5.4 wt.% Zn-PBG group had a significantly lower microhardness (p < 0.05). Further, the composite resins increasingly released P, Ca, Na, and Zn ions with an increase in Zn-PBG content (p < 0.05). The colony-forming unit count revealed a significant reduction in S. mutans viability (p < 0.05) with increase in Zn-PBG content. Therefore, the addition of Zn-PBG to flowable composite resins enhances antibacterial activity and could aid the prevention of secondary caries.