New biodegradable nanoparticles-in-nanofibers based membranes for guided periodontal tissue and bone regeneration with enhanced antibacterial activity

• Published in: Journal of advanced research Vol. 28; pp. 51 - 62
• Main Authors: Abdelaziz, Dina, Hefnawy, Amr, Al-Wakeel, Essam, El-Fallal, Abeer, El-Sherbiny, Ibrahim M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Egypt Elsevier B.V 01.02.2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: GBR; GTR; Nanofibers; Nanoparticles; Periodontal; Nanoparticles; Periodontal; GTR; Nanofibers; GBR
• ISSN: 2090-1232; 2090-1224
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.014

[Display omitted] Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are commonly used surgical procedures for the repair of damaged periodontal tissues. These procedures include the use of a membrane as barrier to prevent soft tissue ingrowth and to create space for slowly regenerating periodontium and bone. Recent approaches involve the use of membranes/scaffolds based on resorbable materials. These materials provide the advantage of dissolving by time without the need of surgical intervention to remove the scaffolds. This study aimed at preparing a new series of nanofibrous scaffolds for GTR/GBR applications with enhanced mechanical properties, cell adhesion, biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds based on polylactic acid/cellulose acetate (PLA/CA) or poly(caprolactone) (PCL) polymers were prepared and characterized. Different concentrations of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles, AgNPs (1-2% w/v) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, HANPs (10-20% w/v) were incorporated into the scaffolds to enhance the antibacterial and bone regeneration activity. In-vitro studies showed that addition of HANPs improved the cell viability by around 50% for both types of nanofibrous scaffolds. The tensile properties were also improved through addition of 10% HANPs but deteriorated upon increasing the concentration to 20%. AgNPs significantly improved the antibacterial activity with 40 mm inhibition zone after 32 days. Additionally, the nanofibrous scaffolds showed a desirable degradation profile with losing around 40-70% of its mass in 8 weeks. The obtained results show that the developed nanofibrous membranes are promising scaffolds for both GTR and GBR applications.