IDH Mutation Analysis in Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumors

• Published in: Journal of pathology and translational medicine Vol. 49; no. 3; pp. 257 - 261
• Main Authors: Na, Ki Yong, Noh, Byeong-Joo, Sung, Ji-Youn, Kim, Youn Wha, Santini Araujo, Eduardo, Park, Yong-Koo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Society of Pathologists, Korean Society for Cytopathology 01.05.2015; The Korean Society of Pathologists and the Korean Society for Cytopathology; Korean Society of Pathologists & the Korean Society for Cytopathology; 대한병리학회
• Subjects: Bone cancer; Brain cancer; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; Dehydrogenases; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease; DNA; Enzymes; Genes; Hypoxia; Isocitrate dehydrogenase; Kinases; Medical prognosis; Metastasis; Mutation; Original; PNA clamping; Polymerase chain reaction; Sarcoma, Ewing; Studies; Tumorigenesis; Tumors; 병리학; PNA clamping; Sarcoma, Ewing; Isocitrate dehydrogenase
• ISSN: 2383-7837; 2383-7845
• DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2015.04.14

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to yield α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) with production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Dysfunctional IDH leads to reduced production of α-KG and NADH and increased production of 2-hydroxyglutarate, an oncometabolite. This results in increased oxidative damage and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor α, causing cells to be prone to tumorigenesis. This study investigated IDH mutations in 61 Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFTs), using a pentose nucleic acid clamping method and direct sequencing. We identified four cases of ESFTs harboring IDH mutations. The number of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations was equal and the subtype of IDH mutations was variable. Clinicopathologic analysis according to IDH mutation status did not reveal significant results. This study is the first to report IDH mutations in ESFTs. The results indicate that ESFTs can harbor IDH mutations in previously known hot-spot regions, although their incidence is rare. Further validation with a larger case-based study would establish more reliable and significant data on prevalence rate and the biological significance of IDH mutations in ESFTs.