Early Growth Response-1 Suppresses Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Lung Remodeling in Mice
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha and its receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor, are induced after lung injury and are associated with remodeling in chronic pulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis and asthma. Expression of TGF-alpha in the lungs of adult mice causes fibrosis, pl...
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Published in | American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 415 - 425 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Am Thoracic Soc
01.10.2009
American Thoracic Society |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha and its receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor, are induced after lung injury and are associated with remodeling in chronic pulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis and asthma. Expression of TGF-alpha in the lungs of adult mice causes fibrosis, pleural thickening, and pulmonary hypertension, in addition to increased expression of a transcription factor, early growth response-1 (Egr-1). Egr-1 was increased in airway smooth muscle (ASM) and the vascular adventitia in the lungs of mice conditionally expressing TGF-alpha in airway epithelium (Clara cell secretory protein-rtTA(+/-)/[tetO](7)-TGF-alpha(+/-)). The goal of this study was to determine the role of Egr-1 in TGF-alpha-induced lung disease. To accomplish this, TGF-alpha-transgenic mice were crossed to Egr-1 knockout (Egr-1(ko/ko)) mice. The lack of Egr-1 markedly increased the severity of TGF-alpha-induced pulmonary disease, dramatically enhancing airway muscularization, increasing pulmonary fibrosis, and causing greater airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Smooth muscle hyperplasia, not hypertrophy, caused the ASM thickening in the absence of Egr-1. No detectable increases in pulmonary inflammation were found. In addition to the airway remodeling disease, vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension were also more severe in Egr-1(ko/ko) mice. Thus, Egr-1 acts to suppress epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated airway and vascular muscularization, fibrosis, and airway hyperresponsiveness in the absence of inflammation. This provides a unique model to study the processes causing pulmonary fibrosis and ASM thickening without the complicating effects of inflammation. |
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Bibliography: | Conflict of Interest Statement: None of the authors has a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Tim Le Cras, Ph.D., Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229. E-mail: tim.lecras@cchmc.org This article has an online supplement, which is accessible from this issue's table of contents at www.atsjournals.org This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants HL72894 (T.D.L.C.), HL58795 (T.R.K.), HL86598 (W.D.H.), HL90156 (J.A.W.), and HL61646 (J.A.W.), and by American Heart Association grant 740069N (T.D.L.C.). Originally Published in Press as DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0470OC on February 2, 2009 |
ISSN: | 1044-1549 1535-4989 |
DOI: | 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0470OC |