The Value of Interleukin-6 among Several Inflammatory Markers as a Predictor of Respiratory Failure in COVID-19 Patients

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop severe respiratory failure within a short period during the clinical course. It is essential to predict respiratory deterioration in the short term. We investigated the use of inflammatory markers to predict respiratory distress within three...

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Published inDiagnostics (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 8; p. 1327
Main Authors Fujino, Mitsuhiro, Ishii, Michiyo, Taniguchi, Takuya, Chiba, Hiroya, Kimata, Masaki, Hitosugi, Masahito
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 23.07.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Blood
Body mass index
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Immunoassay
inflammatory marker
interleukin-6
Laboratories
novel coronavirus disease
Pandemics
Patients
Respiratory failure
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Ventilation
Japan
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Summary:Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop severe respiratory failure within a short period during the clinical course. It is essential to predict respiratory deterioration in the short term. We investigated the use of inflammatory markers to predict respiratory distress within three days from their analysis in COVID-19 patients. This retrospective observational study included 81 patients admitted with COVID-19. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the maximum fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) for three days from the blood marker measurements was ≥0.4 (high FiO2 group; HFG) or <0.4 (low FiO2 group; LFG). Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell, D-dimer, and creatinine levels were compared between the two groups. The levels of all markers were significantly higher in HFG patients. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of IL-6, CRP, and LDH had high values of 0.85, 0.82, and 0.81, respectively. The odds ratio of IL-6 which was crude and adjusted for dexamethasone administration initiated before laboratory measurement, showed the high value of 29.1 (5.6–295.6) and 53.9 (4.5–3242.8), respectively. IL-6 can be used as a reliable marker for predicting respiratory illness within three days after assessment.
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ISSN:2075-4418
2075-4418
DOI:10.3390/diagnostics11081327