Risk of Medication-Associated Initiation of Oxybutynin in Elderly Men and Women

• Published in: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS) Vol. 62; no. 4; pp. 690 - 695
• Main Authors: Kalisch Ellett, Lisa M., Pratt, Nicole L., Barratt, John D., Rowett, Debra, Roughead, Elizabeth E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, NJ Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2014; Wiley-Blackwell; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epidemiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; General aspects; Hospitals, Veterans; Humans; Hypertension - drug therapy; Male; Mandelic Acids - administration & dosage; Mandelic Acids - adverse effects; Medical sciences; medications; Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases; Older people; Parasympatholytics - administration & dosage; Parasympatholytics - adverse effects; pharmacoepidemiology; Prevalence; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment - methods; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; South Australia - epidemiology; Urinary incontinence; Urinary Incontinence - chemically induced; Urinary Incontinence - epidemiology; Urinary system involvement in other diseases. Miscellaneous; Urinary tract. Prostate gland; South Australia; Australia; Sex; Pharmacotherapy; Male; Epidemiology; Voiding dysfunction; Cholinergic receptor; Antispasmodic agent; medications; Female; Antagonist; Woman; Initiation; Human; Drug; Urinary system disease; Treatment efficiency; aged; Urinary tract disease; pharmacoepidemiology; Urinary incontinence; Anticholinergic agent; Chemotherapy; Gerontology; Treatment; Antimuscarinic agent; Risk factor; Bladder disease; Muscarinic receptor; Oxybutynin; Elderly; Geriatrics; urinary incontinence
• ISSN: 0002-8614; 1532-5415
• DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12741

Objectives To determine whether there is greater risk of initiation of oxybutynin to treat urinary incontinence (UI) after initiation of medicines reported to be associated with UI. Design Prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA). Setting Administrative claims data from the Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs. Participants Individuals who initiated oxybutynin and a medicine reported to be associated with UI in a 12‐month period. Measurements Between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2011, the distribution of incident dispensing of medicines reported to be associated with UI (prazosin, diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), hormone replacement therapy (HRT), opioid analgesics, anticonvulsants, levodopa, antipsychotics, sedatives, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), venlafaxine, anticholinesterases) was assessed before and after incident dispensing of oxybutynin (to treat UI). Crude and adjusted sequence ratios (ASRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Significant associations between initiation of CCBs, ACEIs, ARBs, and hypnotic‐sedatives and subsequent initiation of oxybutynin were found. ASRs ranged from 1.28 (95% CI = 1.19–1.39) for ACEIs to 1.59 (95% CI = 1.29–1.96) for verapamil. In women, there was greater risk of initiation of oxybutynin after prazosin (ASR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.29–2.63) and HRT (ASR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.42–1.67) initiation. PSSA showed no significant association with initiation of opioids, anticonvulsants, levodopa, SSRIs, venlafaxine, or anticholinesterases and subsequent initiation of oxybutynin. Conclusion This study highlights the potential for initiation of commonly used medicines to be associated with subsequent initiation of oxybutynin to treat UI. Greater awareness of the potential for medicines to contribute to UI is required.