Immune modulation by virus-encoded secreted chemokine binding proteins

• Published in: Virus research Vol. 209; pp. 67 - 75
• Main Authors: Heidarieh, Haleh, Hernáez, Bruno, Alcamí, Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 02.11.2015
• Subjects: Animals; Chemokine binding proteins; Chemokines; Chemokines - metabolism; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Viruses - immunology; DNA Viruses - physiology; Glycosaminoglycans; Herpesviruses; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Immune Evasion; Immune Tolerance; Poxviruses; Protein Binding; ECTV; gG; SCP; Glycosaminoglycans; GAGs; VARV; TNF; Chemokine binding proteins; MYXV; IFN; SgG; ORFV; IFNγ-R; WR; Herpesviruses; TNFR; Poxviruses; CKBP; HSV; Immune evasion; CPXV; VACV; MHV-68; GPCR; SECRET; Chemokines; Crm
• ISSN: 0168-1702; 1872-7492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.02.028

•Large DNA viruses (herpesviruses and poxviruses) modulate the immune response.•Viruses encode soluble proteins that bind chemokines.•Viral chemokine binding proteins contribute to pathogenesis and immune modulation. Chemokines are chemoattractant cytokines that mediate the migration of immune cells to sites of infection which play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. As an immune evasion strategy, large DNA viruses (herpesviruses and poxviruses) encode soluble chemokine binding proteins that bind chemokines with high affinity, even though they do not show sequence similarity to cellular chemokine receptors. This review summarizes the different secreted viral chemokine binding proteins described to date, with special emphasis on the diverse mechanisms of action they exhibit to interfere with chemokine function and their specific contribution to virus pathogenesis.