Subgingival Microbial Profiles of Smokers with Periodontitis

• Published in: Journal of dental research Vol. 89; no. 11; pp. 1247 - 1253
• Main Authors: Shchipkova, A.Y., Nagaraja, H.N., Kumar, P.S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.11.2010; International Association for Dental Research; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss - microbiology; Bacteria - classification; Bacteroides - isolation & purification; Biofilms; Biological and medical sciences; Campylobacter - isolation & purification; Capnocytophaga - isolation & purification; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Periodontitis - microbiology; Dental Plaque - microbiology; Dentistry; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Fusobacterium - isolation & purification; Gingiva - microbiology; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods - classification; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neisseria - isolation & purification; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Peptostreptococcus - isolation & purification; Periodontal Attachment Loss - microbiology; Periodontal Pocket - microbiology; Research Reports; Smoking; Streptococcus - classification; Streptococcus - isolation & purification; Treponema - isolation & purification; Veillonella - isolation & purification; molecular; subgingival; bacteria; DNA; smoking; periodontitis; Human; Stomatology; Film; Dental disease; Tobacco smoking; Dental plaque; Bacteriological investigation; Polyelectrolyte; Periodontal disease; Microbiological investigation; Periodontitis; Smoker; Bacteria; Nucleic acid
• ISSN: 0022-0345; 1544-0591
• DOI: 10.1177/0022034510377203

The subgingival microbiome is largely uncultivated, and therefore, cultivation-based and targeted molecular approaches have limited value in examining the effect of smoking on this community. We tested the hypothesis that the subgingival biofilm is compositionally different in current and never-smokers by using an open-ended molecular approach for bacterial identification. Subgingival plaque from deep sites of current and never-smokers matched for disease was analyzed by 16S sequencing. Smokers demonstrated greater abundance of Parvimonas, Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Bacteroides, and Treponema and lower levels of Veillonella, Neisseria, and Streptococcus. Several uncultivated Peptostreptococci, Parvimonas micra, Campy-lobacter gracilis, Treponema socranskii, Dialister pneumosintes, and Tannerella forsythia were elevated in this group, while Veillonella sp. oral clone B2, Neisseria sp. oral clone 2.24, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Capnocytophaga sp. clone AH015 were at lower levels. The microbial profile of smoking-associated periodontitis is distinct from that of non-smokers, with significant differences in the prevalence and abundance of disease-associated and health-compatible organisms.