Sensitive electrochemiluminescence detection for CA15-3 based on immobilizing luminol on dendrimer functionalized ZnO nanorods

• Published in: Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol. 63; pp. 33 - 38
• Main Authors: Jiang, Xinya, Wang, Haijun, Yuan, Ruo, Chai, Yaqin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier B.V 15.01.2015; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Biosensing Techniques - methods; Biotechnology; Carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3); Dendrimers; Dendrimers - chemistry; Electrochemiluminescence; Electrodes; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gold - chemistry; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide - chemistry; Immunosensors; Limit of Detection; Luminol; Luminol - chemistry; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Mucin-1 - chemistry; Mucin-1 - isolation & purification; Nanorods; Nanotubes - chemistry; Polyamidoamine (PAMAM); Reactive Oxygen Species - chemistry; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Three dimensional; Zinc oxide; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; Zinc sulfides; ZnO nanorods; ZnO nanorods; Carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3); Polyamidoamine (PAMAM); Electrochemiluminescence; Luminol; Amidoamine polymer; Antigen; Branched polymer; Carbohydrate; Detection
• ISSN: 0956-5663; 1873-4235
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.009

In this study, we constructed a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for sensitive and selective detection of carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) by using polyamidoamine (PAMAM)-functionalized ZnO nanorods (ZNs-PAMAM) as carriers. PAMAM dendrimers with hyper-branched and three-dimensional structure were used as linked reagents for co-immobilization of luminol and CA15-3 detection antibody on the ZNs to prepare the signal probe. In addition, ZNs could hasten the decomposition of H2O2 to generate various reactive oxygen species (ROSs) which accelerated the ECL reaction of luminol with amplified ECL intensity. Compared with luminol in the detection solution, the ECL efficiencies of luminol could be improved by immobilizing luminol on the electrode due to the smaller distance between luminescence reagent and the electrode surface. Moreover, the electrodepositing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the bare glass carbon electrode (GCE) with enhanced surface area could capture a large amount of primary anti-CA15-3 to improve the sensitivity of the immunosensor. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a wide linear range of 0.1–120 U mL−1 was acquired with a relatively low detection limit of 0.033 U mL−1 (S/N=3) for CA15-3. •ZNs-PAMAM nanocomposites could be used to immobilize numerous luminol molecules.•ECL efficiency of luminol could be improved by immobilizing luminol on the electrode.•Using ECL technique to detect CA15-3 shows promise in high sensitivity and rapid detection.