Single-tablet, once-daily treatment regimens for HIV

• Published in: The Lancet infectious diseases Vol. 14; no. 4; pp. 265 - 267
• Main Authors: Sawyer, Joshua R, Ma, Qing, Hsiao, Chiu-Bin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2014; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adenine - administration & dosage; Adenine - adverse effects; Adenine - analogs & derivatives; Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects; Antiretroviral drugs; Benzoxazines - administration & dosage; Benzoxazines - adverse effects; Carbamates - administration & dosage; Carbamates - adverse effects; Cobicistat; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; Deoxycytidine - administration & dosage; Deoxycytidine - adverse effects; Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives; Drug Combinations; Drug dosages; Drug therapy; Emtricitabine; FDA approval; HIV; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Integrase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; HIV Integrase Inhibitors - adverse effects; HIV Reverse Transcriptase - antagonists & inhibitors; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Infectious Disease; Infectious diseases; Nitriles - administration & dosage; Nitriles - adverse effects; Organophosphonates - administration & dosage; Organophosphonates - adverse effects; Pyrimidines - administration & dosage; Pyrimidines - adverse effects; Quinolones - administration & dosage; Quinolones - adverse effects; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - adverse effects; Rilpivirine; Tenofovir; Thiazoles - administration & dosage; Thiazoles - adverse effects
• ISSN: 1473-3099; 1474-4457
• DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70026-X

The combination of rilpivirine, tenofovir, and emtricitabine should not be used in patients with a high viral load (more than 100 000 copies per mL) because of an increased incidence of virological failure.3 Potential drug interactions between rilpivirine and gastric-acid reducers might also reduce the efficacy of this regimen.4 Although it causes more nausea than the combination of efavirenz, tenofovir, and emtricitabine, coformulated elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir, and emtricitabine has fewer CNS effects. Efavirenz, tenofovir, and emtricitabine Rilpivirine, tenofovir, and emtricitabine Elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir, and emtricitabine Dizziness or drowsiness High incidence Intermediate incidence Low incidence Abnormal dreams High incidence Low incidence No Rash High incidence High incidence Low incidence Use with viral loads greater than 10 000 copies per mL Yes No Yes Use with gastric-acid suppressants Yes No Yes Concern in patients with renal dysfunction Low Low Intermediate Genetic barrier to resistance Low Intermediate Low Table Comparison of three available single-tablet antiretroviral regimens