An inverse agonist of orphan receptor GPR61 acts by a G protein-competitive allosteric mechanism

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 5938 - 12
• Main Authors: Lees, Joshua A., Dias, João M., Rajamohan, Francis, Fortin, Jean-Philippe, O’Connor, Rebecca, Kong, Jimmy X., Hughes, Emily A. G., Fisher, Ethan L., Tuttle, Jamison B., Lovett, Gabrielle, Kormos, Bethany L., Unwalla, Rayomand J., Zhang, Lei, Dechert Schmitt, Anne-Marie, Zhou, Dahui, Moran, Michael, Stevens, Kimberly A., Fennell, Kimberly F., Varghese, Alison E., Maxwell, Andrew, Cote, Emmaline E., Zhang, Yuan, Han, Seungil
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.09.2023; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 101/28; 631/45/612/194; 631/535/1258/1259; Agonists; Allosteric properties; Appetite; Binding sites; Body weight; Cachexia; Disorders; G protein-coupled receptors; Humanities and Social Sciences; Inverse agonists; Mode of action; multidisciplinary; Obesity; Phenotypes; Proteins; Receptors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Structural analysis; Structure-function relationships
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41646-3

GPR61 is an orphan GPCR related to biogenic amine receptors. Its association with phenotypes relating to appetite makes it of interest as a druggable target to treat disorders of metabolism and body weight, such as obesity and cachexia. To date, the lack of structural information or a known biological ligand or tool compound has hindered comprehensive efforts to study GPR61 structure and function. Here, we report a structural characterization of GPR61, in both its active-like complex with heterotrimeric G protein and in its inactive state. Moreover, we report the discovery of a potent and selective small-molecule inverse agonist against GPR61 and structural elucidation of its allosteric binding site and mode of action. These findings offer mechanistic insights into an orphan GPCR while providing both a structural framework and tool compound to support further studies of GPR61 function and modulation. GPR61 is an orphan GPCR of interest for treatment of appetite disorders, such as obesity and cachexia. Here, the authors report structures of GPR61 in its active and inactive states, including with a G protein-competitive small molecule inverse agonist.