Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate does not reduce the prophylactic efficacy of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in macaques

• Published in: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) Vol. 67; no. 4; p. 365
• Main Authors: Radzio, Jessica, Hanley, Krisztina, Mitchell, James, Ellis, Shanon, Deyounks, Frank, Jenkins, Leecresia, Heneine, Walid, García-Lerma, J Gerardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.12.2014
• Subjects: Adenine - administration & dosage; Adenine - analogs & derivatives; Adenine - therapeutic use; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Contraceptive Agents, Female - administration & dosage; Contraceptive Agents, Female - adverse effects; Contraceptive Agents, Female - therapeutic use; Delayed-Action Preparations; Deoxycytidine - administration & dosage; Deoxycytidine - analogs & derivatives; Deoxycytidine - therapeutic use; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emtricitabine; Female; HIV Infections - prevention & control; Macaca nemestrina; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - administration & dosage; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - adverse effects; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - therapeutic use; Phosphorous Acids - administration & dosage; Phosphorous Acids - therapeutic use; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis - methods; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 1944-7884
• DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000340

Concerns that the injectable contraceptive depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) may increase the risk of HIV acquisition in women led to questions on whether DMPA could reduce efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. We used a macaque model to investigate the impact of prolonged DMPA exposure on PrEP with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Twelve pigtail macaques treated with DMPA were exposed vaginally to simian HIV once a week for up to 5 months and received either placebo (n = 6) or emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (n = 6). All control macaques were infected, whereas the PrEP-treated animals remained protected (P = 0.0007). This model suggests that women using DMPA will fully benefit from PrEP.