Metabolic actions of insulin-like growth factor-I in normal physiology and diabetes

• Published in: Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America Vol. 41; no. 2; p. 425
• Main Author: Clemmons, David R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2012
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Dietary Carbohydrates - metabolism; Dietary Fats - metabolism; Dietary Proteins - metabolism; Female; Humans; Hyperglycemia - drug therapy; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - genetics; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - secretion; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - therapeutic use; Male; Metabolic Syndrome - drug therapy; Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism; Mice; Polymorphism, Genetic; Rats; Severity of Illness Index
• ISSN: 1558-4410
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.017

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is closely related to insulin but has distinct metabolic actions. IGF-I is an important stimulant of protein synthesis in muscle, but it also stimulates free fatty acid use. The administration of IGF-I to patients with extreme insulin resistance results in improvement in glycemic control, and IGF-I is associated with lowering glucose and enhancing insulin sensitivity in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. However, patients with diabetes are also sensitive to stimulation of side effects in response to IGF-I. IGF-I coordinately links growth hormone and insulin actions and has direct effects on intermediary metabolism.